cPodiography

tips biar dilirik cewek menurut iklan TV

2008-08-05T23:48:00.000-07:00

kalian dirumah atau kos punya TV kan? sebenernya TV tu ibarat orang adalah mbah dukun, dokter, atau barang elektronik itu sendiri. nah yang mo gw bahas di sini bukan masalah tu TV bener pa kagak, yang jelas gw mo kasih beberapa tips yang diambil dari filosofi iklan - iklan TV. kalian udah ga sabar kan?
ne dia tipsnya:
1. Parfum
pakailah parfum yang wangi dan menarik perhatian yang super dahsyat.
pakailah AXE, why?
Filosofiny:
kalian udah pernah liat iklan-iklan AXE di tV kn? nah betapa hebatnya cowo-cowo yang pake parfum AXE, cewe - cewe
pada kelabakan, bergairah kalo cium cowo pake tu parfum. nah kalian praktekin aja tu.

2. Pasta GIGI
kalian tau dong betapa hebatnya gigi kita ini. bayangkan kalo qt ga punya gigi betapa anehnya penampilan QT.
pakailah pasta gigi CLOSE UP.
Filosofi:
kalian pernah juga donk liat iklan-iklan pasta GIGI close Up di TV?
tau kan betapa hebatnya pasta GIGI ini? selain biar mulut QT ga Bau, ne pasta GIGI bisa ngusir anjing gila, ma
ngeluluhin hati si BONYOK cewe

3. Permen
LO???? kok pake permen segala sih mas??? lo... sabar ne emang jadi resep jitu biar dilirik cewe.
makan aja permen RELAXA
Filosofi:
menurut iklan yang da di TV. kalo qt makan RELAXA muulut qt jg wangi,,, segar,,, terus cewe2 pada nempel Gt

Sekian besok di lanjutin lagi yo!!!
wassalam

Fashion for passion

2008-07-28T09:59:00.001-07:00

The habit of people continually changing the style of clothing worn, which is now worldwide, at least among urban populations, is generally held by historians to be a distinctively Western one. At other periods in Ancient Rome and other cultures changes in costume occurred, often at times of economic or social change, but then a long period without large changes followed. In 8th century Cordoba, Spain, Ziryab, a famous musician - a star in modern terms - is said to have introduced sophisticated clothing styles based on seasonal and daily timings from his native Baghdad and his own inspiration.

English caricature of Tippies of 1796

The beginnings of the habit in Europe of continual and increasingly rapid change in styles can be fairly clearly dated to the middle of the 14th century, to which historians including James Laver and Fernand Braudel date the start of Western fashion in clothing.^[2]^[3] The most dramatic manifestation was a sudden drastic shortening and tightening of the male over-garment, from calf-length to barely covering the buttocks, sometimes accompanied with stuffing on the chest to look bigger. This created the distinctive Western male outline of a tailored top worn over leggings or trousers which is still with us today.

The pace of change accelerated considerably in the following century, and women and men's fashion, especially in the dressing and adorning of the hair, became equally complex and changing. Art historians are therefore able to use fashion in dating images with increasing confidence and precision, often within five years in the case of 15th century images. Initially changes in fashion led to a fragmentation of what had previously been very similar styles of dressing across the upper classes of Europe, and the development of distinctive national styles, which remained very different until a counter-movement in the 17th to 18th centuries imposed similar styles once again, finally those from Ancien Régime in France.^[4] Though fashion was always led by the rich, the increasing affluence of early modern Europe led to the bourgeoisie and even peasants following trends at a distance sometimes uncomfortably close for the elites - a factor Braudel regards as one of the main motors of changing fashion.^[5]

The fashions of the West are generally unparalleled either in antiquity or in the other great civilizations of the world. Early Western travellers, whether to Persia, Turkey, Japan or China frequently remark on the absence of changes in fashion there, and observers from these other cultures comment on the unseemly pace of Western fashion, which many felt suggested an instability and lack of order in Western culture. The Japanese Shogun's secretary boasted (not completely accurately) to a Spanish visitor in 1609 that Japanese clothing had not changed in over a thousand years.^[6] However in Ming China, for example, there is considerable evidence for rapidly changing fashions in Chinese clothing,^[7]

Albrecht Dürer's drawing contrasts a well turned out bourgeoise from Nuremberg (left) with her counterpart from Venice, in. The Venetian lady's high chopines make her taller.

Ten 16th century portraits of German or Italian gentlemen may show ten entirely different hats, and at this period national differences were at their most pronounced, as Albrecht Dürer recorded in his actual or composite contrast of Nuremberg and Venetian fashions at the close of the 15th century (illustration, right). The "Spanish style" of the end of the century began the move back to synchronicity among upper-class Europeans, and after a struggle in the mid 17th century, French styles decisively took over leadership, a process completed in the 18th century.^[8]

Though colors and patterns of textiles changed from year to year,^[9] the cut of a gentleman's coat and the length of his waistcoat, or the pattern to which a lady's dress was cut changed more slowly. Men's fashions largely derived from military models, and changes in a European male silhouette are galvanized in theatres of European war, where gentleman officers had opportunities to make notes of foreign styles: an example is the "Steinkirk" cravat or necktie.

The pace of change picked up in the 1780s with the increased publication of French engravings that showed the latest Paris styles; though there had been distribution of dressed dolls from France as patterns since the 16th century, and Abraham Bosse had produced engravings of fashion from the 1620s. By 1800, all Western Europeans were dressing alike (or thought they were): local variation became first a sign of provincial culture, and then a badge of the conservative peasant.^[10]

Although tailors and dressmakers were no doubt responsible for many innovations before, and the textile industry certainly led many trends, the history of fashion design is normally taken to date from 1858, when the English-born Charles Frederick Worth opened the first true haute couture house in Paris. Since then the professional designer has become a progressively more dominant figure, despite the origins of many fashions in street fashion.

Modern Westerners have a wide choice available in the selection of their clothes. What a person chooses to wear can reflect that person's personality or likes. When people who have cultural status start to wear new or different clothes a fashion trend may start. People who like or respect them may start to wear clothes of a similar style.

Fashions may vary considerably within a society according to age, social class, generation, occupation sexual orientation, and geography as well as over time. If, for example, an older person dresses according to the fashion of young people, he or she may look ridiculous in the eyes of both young and older people. The terms "fashionista" or "fashion victim" refer to someone who slavishly follows the current fashions

Sejarah Distro (distributor outlet) clothing

2008-07-28T09:56:00.000-07:00

Siapa sangka, dari sebuah skatepark kecil di salah satu sudut Taman Lalu Lintas Bandung (Taman Ade Irma Suyani), di awal tahun 1990-an, menjadi tempat bersejarah yang melatar belakangi perkembangan fashion anak muda Bandung dalam satu dekade terakhir ini. Skateboard kemudian menjadi benang merah yang menjadi ciri dan eksplorasi fashion dan lifestyle yang dielaborasi oleh para pelakunya dan membentuk gaya anak muda Bandung hingga saat ini.
Pertemuan di Taman Lalu Lintas membuat Didit atau dikenal dengan nama Dxxxt, Helvi dan Richard Mutter (mantan drumer Pas Band), kemudian bersepakat mengelola sebuah ruang bersama di Jalan Sukasenang Bandung. Ruang ini kemudian dikenal sebagai cikal bakal yang munculnya bisnis clothing lokal untuk anak muda di Bandung. “Cari nama dit, si helvi bilang gitu..waktu itu lagi ngomong-ngomong soal Cihampelas,” Dxxxt mengawali ceritanya ketika saya bertanya darimana nama Reverse berasal. “Kenapa ya, si Cihampelas itu ngga bikin produk-produk dengan merek-merek sendiri, kenapa mereka bikin mereknya reply lah, armani lah.. kenapa ga bikin sendiri, reverse misalnya.. trus Helvi bilang nama itu bagus. Ya udah akhirnya dipakai buat nama toko.” Tahun 1994, mereka membangun studio musik dan toko yang menjual CD, kaset poster, T-shirt, majalah, poster dan asesoris band yang diimport langsung dari luar negeri. Pilihan yang spesifik, membuat barang yang dijual di Reverse, tak bisa didapatkan di toko-toko lain di Bandung pada saat itu.
Reverse pada saat itu menjadi tempat berkumpulnya komunitas-komunitas dari scene yang berbeda. Punk, hardcore, pop, surf, bmx, skateboard, rock, grunge, semua bisa bertemu di tempat itu. PAS dan Puppen adalah beberapa band yang sempat dibesarkan oleh komunitas Reverse. Richard sendiri sempat membentuk record label independen 40.1.2.4 yang rilisan pertamanya berupa album kompilasi “Masaindahbangetsekalipisan”, pada tahun 1997. Band-band yang ikut dalam rilisan itu diantaranya Burger Kill, Puppen, Papi, Rotten To The Core, Full of Hate dan Waiting Room sebagai band satu-satunya dari Jakarta yang masuk dalam kompilasi ini.
Saat krisis ekonomi terjadi pada tahun 1998, bisnis yang dijalani Reverse, mengalami masa sulit sampai akhirnya tutup. Mereka tak mampu lagi membeli barang-barang dari luar negeri kerena nilai dolar terhadap rupiah melambung tinggi dan tak terjangkau. Namun kondisi sulit ini justru melahirkan fase baru dalam perkembangan industri clothing Bandung. Helvi vetaran Reverse, kemudian membangun clothing label bernama Airplane yang memulai usahanya pada tahun 1997. Bukan hanya itu, bersama Dxxxt dan Marin, Helvi membangun record label bernama Fast Foward pada tahun 1999.
Airplane yang didirikannya bersama dua rekannya yang lain: Fiki dan Colay, resmi berdiri pada tanggal 8 Februari 1998. “Awalnya sih kita udah ngga mampu lagi beli barang-barang impor karena mahal dan krisis moneter. Waktu itu kita mikir, kita bikin apa ya? Soalnya kalau beli, ngga ada yang cocok, pengen kaos yang kaya gini ngga ada.. yang gitu ngga ada.. awalnya dari situ, ya udah kita bikin sendiri deh yang pasti dengan background masing-masing. Semua dipengaruhi oleh kehidupan sehari-hari yang kita senangi aja.. biasanya dari skateboard, trus kita juga main musik, trus itu mempengaruhi ke grafis desain clothing itu sendiri. Jadi emang akhirnya macam-macam.” Jelas Helvi ketika saya temui di kantor Airplane di jalan Titiran Bandung.
Transformasi Reverse sebagai clothing company, dimotori oleh Dxxxt pada bulan Februari 2004. Didukung oleh Marin, Wendi Suherman dan Indra Gatot sebagai mitra usahanya. Reverse kemudian menjelma menjadi label yang memfokuskan dirinya pada fashion untuk pria. Urban culture yang menjadi keseharian tim kreatifnya, menjadi inspirasi dalam desain produk-produk Reverse.
Sementara kegemaran skateboard, bmx dan surfing yang ditekuni Dandhy dan teman-temannya, justru memotivasi mereka untuk membuat produk-produk yang mendukung hobi yang mereka cintai. Bukan hal yang mudah untuk menemukan fashion penunjang kegiatan surfing di Bandung pada saat itu. Maka tahun 1996, dari rumah di dago 347 Bandung, mereka mulai memproduksi barang-barang yang menunjang hobi mereka untuk digunakan sendiri. Ternyata apa yang mereka pakai, menarik perhatian teman-teman mereka. Seperti halnya Airplane, dengan modal patungan seadanya mereka mulai memproduksi barang-barang yang mereka desain untuk kebutuhan hobi mereka itu, untuk dijual di kalangan teman-teman mereka sendiri dengan label ‘347 boardrider co.’ Toko pertamanya dibuka pada tahun 1999 dan diberi nama ‘347 Shophouse’ di Jalan Trunojoyo Bandung. Demikian pula Ouval yang muncul di tahun 1998. Awalnya juga dibentuk dengan semangat untuk mengelaborasi hobi skateboard para pendirinya.
Hobi dan semangat kolektivisme terasa sangat kuat mewarnai kemunculan clothing label dan clothing store pada masa itu. Masih di tahun 1996, Dadan Ketu bersama delapan orang temannya yang lain membentuk sebuah kolektif yang diberi nama Riotic. Kesamaan minat akan ideologi punk, menyatukan ia dan teman-temannya. Riotic menjadi label kolektif yang memproduksi sendiri rilisan musik-musik yang dimainkan oleh komunitas mereka, menerbitkan zines, dan membuka sebuah toko kecil yang menjadi distribusi outlet produk kolektif yang mereka hasilkan. Riotic juga dikenal konsisten dalam mendukung pertunjukan-pertunjukan musik punk rock dan underground yang saat itu kerap diselenggarakan di Gelora Saparua Bandung.

Generasi Global

Saat saya menceritakan apa yang dilakukan anak-anak muda Bandung dengan industri clothingnya, pada teman saya, seorang penulis buku “Lubang Hitam Kebudayaan”_ sebuah buku yang mencermati perkembangan budaya massa di Indonesia sampai fase reformasi 1998_Hikmat Budiman, dia berkomentar “Anak Bandung itu jago menyerap desain ‘arsitektur’ global, dibanding dengan anak muda di kota lain. apa yang terjadi di tingkat global, bisa diterjemahkan dan disiasati oleh mereka dan dijadikan komoditas gaya hidup baru dan menjadi trend. Mereka mendefinisikan kembali coolness yang sesuai dengan konteks mereka. selain itu juga ada pasar yang menyerap komoditas baru itu.”
Jika dicermati lebih jauh, apa yang terjadi di bandung pada dekade 90an, memang tak bisa lepas dari kecenderungan global pada saat itu. Musik dan gaya hidup, sebagai dua hal yang tak terpisahkan, memberi pengaruh sangat besar dalam perkembangan fashion anak muda Bandung. Sejak generasi Aktuil di tahun 70’an, Bandung dikenal sangat adaptif pada perkembangan musik dunia. Ketika merunut aliran musik apa saja yang berkembang dalam dekade 90’an, kita bisa melihat bagaimana perkembangan musik itu mempengaruhi eksplorasi anak muda Bandung di bidang fashion. Grunge, yang dipengaruhi oleh punk, muncul di awal tahun 90’an. Sepatu Doc Martens, Converse high top sneaker dan kemeja flanel yang menjadi trend fashion sampai pertengahan tahun 90. Pada kenyataan flanel di gunakan para musisi beraliran grunge ini karena murah dan hangat. Saat grunge kemudian digantikan oleh musik alternatif di pertengahan 90’an dan Nu-Metal yang dimotori oleh Korn sampai menjelang akhir 1990, fashion ini masih terbawa. Hip hop yang banyak digemari para skateboarders dan mempengaruhi perkembangan musik R&B memberi warna lain pada dekade itu. Scene hardcore atau scenecore atau disebut juga emo dan gaya yang dibawa aliran musik pop punk yang dipengaruhi membawa trend fashion yang bersilangan diantara keduanya dan dipengaruhi oleh gelombang ketiga pop punk yang dipelopori oleh Green Day, Good Charlote, Simple Plan.
Extreme sport (diantaranya skateboarding dan surfing), mencapai popularitasnya di tahun 1995. ESPN sebagai saluran extreme sport dan hanya dapat ditonton melalui antena parabola, menjadi salah satu rujukan para skateboarder Bandung pada saat itu. Rujukan lain seperti majalah Thrasher, yang mencitrakan skateboarding sebagai olah raga yang didasari oleh semangat pemberontakan dan akrab dengan ideologi punk, sementara Transworld Skateboarding terasa lebih moderen, beragam dan menjaga citra para bintang skateboarding. Termasuk juga masuknya MTV ke Indonesia yang memperkenalkan lifestyle baru dengan jargon-jargonnya: ‘MTV beda’, ‘MTV Gue Banget’. Perbedaan menjadi komoditas yang dirayakan bersama-sama.
Ketika awal 90’an, fashion skateboarding dunia dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan street skateboarding yang sangat kental nuansa punk rocknya. Baggy dengan oversize denim dan t-shirt extra large menjadi trend pada saat itu. Sementara pertengahan sampai akhir tahun 1990an, trend fashion dalam dunia skateboarding berubah lebih ‘ramping’. Ukuran jeans dan T-shirt, menjadi lebih pas di badan. Bahkan beberapa skateboarder menggunakan jeans dan t-shirt ekstra ketat. Perubahan ini membuat gaya fashion dalam dunia skateboarding terbagi menjadi dua kategori: “punk” (ketat dan ngepas badan) dan “baggy” meski pada prakteknya pembagian itu menjadi sedikit lebih rumit. Celana shagging jeans atau baggy, sweater dari bahan katun atau poliester dengan pull over dan kantong kangguru di depannya atau disebut juga hoodie, baseball caps, dan sepatu vans. Gaya skate punk inilah yang kemudian banyak dieksplorasi dalam desain clothing anak-anak muda Bandung. Majalah katalog seperti Suave, yang terbit di Bandung dengan jelas memperlihatkan pengaruh itu. Pada akhir 90’an apa yang disebut “punk style clothing” menjadi tagline baru dalam perkembangan industri clothing global. Gaya punk kemudian menjadi sesuatu yang mainstream, mendunia dan menjadi mapan.
“Kita emang banyak dipengaruhi oleh musik yang kita sukai, dari label-label skateboard yang kita pakai dulunya, karena kita besarnya, growing upnya di situ. Karena musik ini kan sangat terkait dengan fashion,” Helvi yang juga creative director Airplane, mengakui hal itu.
Pendapat helvi diperkuat Arian tigabelas, mantan vokalis Puppen dan kini menjadi vokalis band Seringai “Ada fenomena yang menarik ceuk urang mah, dulu Bandung terkenal dengan band-band yang keren-keren tapi waktu berlalu dan rupanya band nggak terlalu menghasilkan/menghidupi, dan kini para pelaku band tersebut pindah ke clothing. Jadinya terus terang band Bandung yang punya nama ‘gede’ sekarang udah ngga signifikan. Tapi clothing jadi industri yang lebih jelas bisa menghidupi iya, karena main band ternyata tetap kere sementara realitanya musti punya modal hidup.”
Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang begitu pesat dalam dekade 90’an, menjadi faktor penting dalam proses yang disebut Hikmat Budiman sebagai penyerapan desain arsitektur global. Ketika tahun 1995 bisnis Internet Service Provider (ISP) mulai berkembang di Jakarta, menurut catatan Kompas, Bandung menjadi salah satu dari tiga kota pengguna jasa internet terbesar. Jika saat itu tercatat di ada sekitar 14 ribu pemakai internet di Indonesia, Bandung menjadi kota pengguna internet terbesar ketiga (1.000 pengguna), setelah Jakarta (10.000 pengguna) dan Surabaya (3.000 pengguna). Bagaimana kemudian perkembangan teknologi informasi ini diserap dalam waktu yang hampir bersamaan di Bandung. Belanja online yang dilakukan Reverse untuk memperoleh produk-produk import yang mereka jual kembali di Bandung. Juga yang dilakukan Anonim yang muncul tahun 1999, mengikuti jejak pendahulunya dengan menjual t-shirt import merchandise band yang dipesannya melalui internet.
Dalam perkembangannya, eksplorasi desain clothing anak-anak muda Bandung, banyak juga dipengaruhi oleh gaya street fashion Jepang yang terasa lebih eklektik dan eksperimental. Majalah Trolley (alm 2001-2003), sempat menerbitkan suplemen khusus mengenai gaya street fashion Jepang ini dalam salah satu edisinya.
Pergeseran kiblat kreatif global dari Amerika ke Inggris/Eropa dalam tiga tahun terakhir ini, juga terasa pengaruhnya. Perubahannya sangat jelas terasa dalam scene musik. Street culture Inggris dan Eropa kemudian menjadi sumber rujukan baru dalam mengelaborasi desain produk-produk clothing kemudian. Tahun 2006 ini, Fast Foward record, telah dua kali mendatangkan grup musik dari Eropa untuk pentas di Bandung_King of Convinience (Norwegia) dan Edson (Swedia).
Ketika masa kekuasaan Orde Baru berakhir, kehidupan sosial politik Indonesia mengalami banyak perubahan di era reformasi. Warga Bandung memperlihatkan pola relasi yang baru dengan ruang-ruang publik yang ada di kota Bandung. Beragam aktivitas dan perayaan dilakukan di jalan. Jalanan seperti Dago, menjadi catwalk publik yang mengundang siapa pun yang datang untuk menampilkan gaya dandanan mereka. Individu kemudian mendapat ruang untuk mengekspresikan diri. Saat itu, banyak pertunjukan-pertunjukan musik yang kemudian disponsori oleh clothing company yang mulai memiliki kemampuan ekonomi.
Selain karena minat pada musik yang mereka sponsori, acara-acara seperti itu kemudian menjadi salah satu strategi bersama untuk mempromosikan merek produk-produk clothing yang mereka buat. Monik, Celtic dan Popcycle management, dikenal secara berkala menyelenggarakan konser La Viola bekerjasama dengan pusat Kebudayaan perancis (CCF) bandung. Marin, selain menjadi salah satu pemilik Monik, Celtic, Fast Foward, Reverse clothing Company, juga memiliki TRL bar di Jalan Braga. dari bar kecil itu pula, eksplorasi musik elektronik yang banyak mewarnai perkembangan musik global beberapa tahun terakhir ini, banyak dilakukan. Salah satu pilihannya adalah sekolah Drum n Bass yang dimotori oleh DJ xonad, jenis electronic dance music ini berkembang di Inggris pada dekade 90’an dan semakin dikenal pada awal tahun 2000 serta berkembang di beberapa negara Eropa dalam dua tahun terakhir ini.
“Karena Bandung kotanya kecil, jadi mau ngapa-ngapain gampang… lagian orang-orangnya kekeluargaan, cair banget, babaturanlah, semua dianggap sama,” Ujar Dede anonim, seperti saya kutip dari tulisan Gustaff H. Iskandar, ‘Fuck You! We’re from Bandung. Kondisi inil, masih menurut Gustaff, membawa berkah istimewa bagi perkembangan musik dan juga street fashion di Bandung. Dan mendorong pertumbuhan clothing store (distro) di Bandung.

Sejumlah Persoalan

Di masa boom clothing store 2003 lalu, Kompas pernah menulis: “Adapun untuk membuka sebuah distro, hanya dibutuhkan modal “nekat”. cukup menyediakan sebuah ruangan kecil, misalnya mengambil salah satu sudut rumah seperti garasi. Lalu barang-barangnya bisa digunakan sistem jual titip, dengan menerima titipan barang dari berbagai clothing company. Bila barang-barang titipan itu laku terjual, barulah disisihkan keuntungan untuk si distro (clothing store).”
Namun pada prosesnya tidak sesederhana itu. Modal nekat saja tidak cukup. Bagaimanapun bisnis yang dilatari oleh hobi dan kesenangan pun mengandung bermacam resiko. Benturan kepentingan yang mempertentangkan antara bisnis dan idealisme, menyeruak sebagai sebuah konsekuensi yang harus dihadapi dan disiasati.
“Saya bukan orang bisnis tadinya, akhirnya saya harus belajar bisnis, kasihan guanya gitu..” Seloroh Dandhy dalam sebuah Gathering Komunitas Kreatif di Bandung, bulan April lalu. “Gua ngerasa banyak hambatan dalam kreativitas karena banyak kepentok,” meski ucapan Dandy itu bernada main-main, namun pada prakteknya, keseriusan dalam mengelola bisnis ini memang menjadi proses adaptasi yang berat. Beberapa Clothing yang sudah cukup kuat seperti Airplane dan 347/eat, sengaja menyewa konsultan manajemen dan bisnis untuk memberi masukan dalam pengembangkan usaha mereka. Fiki manajer bisnis sekaligus salah satu pendiri Airplane mengaku, saran-saran bisnis dari konsultan profesional tidak seluruhnya bisa di terapkan. “Tetap aja, kita harus nemuin cara yang paling sesuai dan enak buat kita jalani. Ngga bisa sepenuhnya berdasarkan teori manajemen.” Hal serupa juga dirasakan Dandhy. Konsultan bisnis yang mengawasi kinerja dirinya dan teman-temannya, malah membuat mereka bekerja dalam suasana yang tidak nyaman. Akhirnya Dandhy memilih mengembalikan suasana kerja yang nyaman, meskipun itu berarti tanpa konsultan bisnis.
Fiki, menjelaskan, untuk membesarkan bisnis yang semula dibangun berdasarkan hobi, butuh kedisiplinan tinggi dalam mengelolanya. “Gua ngejalanin Airplane ini bener-bener disiplin. Kita muterin duit yang ada dan disiplin untuk ngejalanin itu. Dan ngga pernah ada suntikan dana lagi sejak dana awal. Airplane bediri udah sejak tahun 1997, tapi bener-bener ngejalanin bisnisnya sejak buka toko, tahun 2001. Sejak September 2001, waktu itu kita mulai dengan uang kurang dari 10 juta untuk sewa tempat dan kita udah punya omset yang lumayan, tapi kalau ada lebihnya kita simpen dan dipake untuk produksi lagi, nambahin modal. Karena kita punya sedikit pengetahuan tentang administrasi juga, makanya bisa tertib administrasi dan itu kerasa banget gunanya.”
Namun tidak semua clothing company memiliki kemampuan untuk membayar konsultan bisnis atau melakukan pembagian kerja yang jelas. Bagi clothing company yang muncul belakangan, idealisme dan keterbatasan modal menjadi tantangan yang harus disiasati lebih keras lagi. Karena secara bisnis, mereka harus berhadapan dengan clothing teman-temannya yang muncul dan mapan lebih dulu.
Dari segi pengembangan desain, tidak banyak juga yang melakukan riset dan pengembangan desain secara serius. Akibat dari boom clothing di tahun 2003, follower yang muncul belakangan, banyak yang asal jiplak desain-desain yang sudah ada. Karena untuk membangun sebuah karakter desain yang kuat dibutuhkan waktu dan proses yang lama. Menanggapi kekawatiran desainnya dijiplak, baik Helvi maupun Dandhy, justru tidak merasa kawatir. Bagi Helvi, kondisi seperti itu, malah membuat ia lebih fokus lagi menemukan karakter desain Airplane. Begitu pula Dandhy, jika imagenya sudah kuat, tak perlu kawatir dengan para peniru. Keseriusan dalam soal desain dan visual inilah yang kemudian membedakan dan menjadi ciri antara clothing satu dengan yang lain.
United we stand
Waktu menunjukan hampir tengah hari. Cuaca begitu cerah. Ruang tengah Jalan Kyai Gede Utama 8 Bandung, terasa guyup, menggantikan kelengangan yang biasa terasa. Sekelompok anak muda duduk-duduk santai di bangku-bangku kayu, di taman terbuka. Wajah-wajah lama, generasi pertama clothing Bandung paska 1995, bercampur dengan wajah-wajah baru generasi pengikutnya. Bukan hal yang mudah, mengumpulkan mereka dalam satu waktu. Riuh suara canda dan tawa, bercampur kicauan burung-burung yang sejak lama menghuni pepohonan di sekitarnya. “Sekarang kita mau jadi seperti apa? Arahnya apakah asosiasi yang dijalankan dengan praktek mafia? Atau gimana? Apakah kita bikin asosiasi untuk bikin counter yang menjegal praktek kartel? Atau asosiasi ini hanya mengakomodasi kepentingan dan ideologi yang sama, dan menghancurkan lawan yang berbeda pandangan? Atau tujuannya sosial atau kemanusiaan.” Dandhy pemilik clothing 347/eat, melemparkan pertanyaan itu ke forum. Perdebatan panjang tiga puluh orang yang hadir disitu pun dimulai. Canda tawa, berubah serius. Masing-masing sibuk memikirkan jawaban dan saling beragumen sampai berjam-jam kemudian. Saya hadir disitu, mencatat waktu. Hari itu, Senin, 12 Juni 2006. Hari dimana asosiasi para pengusaha clothing yang dinamai ‘Forum Komunikasi Pengusaha Clothing Bandung’, di deklarasikan.
Bagi saya, ini memang sudah waktunya, ketika akhirnya para pengusaha muda clothing Bandung ini mau bersatu padu membuat Forum Komukasi. Hal ini bukannya tanpa sebab. Mereka yang selama ini tak terpetakan sebagai potensi ekonomi, tiba-tiba bukan hanya dilirik, tapi coba dirangkul pemerintah lewat program bantuan Industri Kecil dan Menengah, Disperindag. Mengutip apa yang diberitakan Harian Pikiran Rakyat tanggal 8 Juni 2006, Drs. H. Agus Gustiar, M.Si., selaku Kepala Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan (Disperindag), “Bagaimanapun kekuatan kita ada pada IKM. Supaya lebih kuat, semua IKM harus bersatu untuk membuat terobosan baru yang bisa mengangkat Bandung khususnya.” …Agus yakin, industri distro Bandung memiliki ciri khas tersendiri yang diilhami dari kreativitas anak muda Bandung.” Jangan sampai ini hilang seperti beberapa merek Bandung yang sekarang mulai memudar, bahkan tidak dikenal orang. Padahal ini merupakan potensi Bandung yang harus ditonjolkan.”
Dalam kegiatan Gathering Komunitas Kreatif dan Online conference yang diselenggarakan selama bulan April-Mei 2006, yang diselenggarakan oleh Pusat Studi Urban Desain dan Common Room Networks Foundation, mengidentifikasi persoalan-persoalan eksternal yang dihadapi selama ini. Masalah-masalah itu muncul, ketika selama ini pemerintah sama sekali tidak mendukung aktivitas yang mereka lakukan. Tidak adanya regulasi pemerintah yang jelas dalam pengembangan industri berbasis kreatifitas seperti yang dilakukan Clothing company selama ini, juga strategi pengembangan industri berbasis kreatifitas sebagai salah satu pengembangan ekonomi kota yang berkelanjutan. Belum lagi pengelolaan pajak yang tak jelas timbal baliknya. Persoalan ketiadaan infrastruktur dan ketidak jelasan pengaturan tata guna lahan di Bandung untuk kawasan komersial, menyebabkan nilai ekonomi lahan semakin mahal dan tak terjangkau dalam mengembangkan usaha yang selama ini mereka jalankan. Pada akhirnya, dukungan yang digembar-gemborkan pemerintah untuk mendukung Industri Kecil Menengah dan membangun kecintaan akan produk dalam negeri, hanya menjadi jargon belaka.
Disadari atau tidak, clothing industry yang muncul dan berkembang di Bandung ini, justru memicu perkembangan industri-industri kecil baru yang juga berbasis kreatifitas. Secara organik, infrastruktur pendukungnya, bermunculan satu persatu. “Waktu itu lagi booming-boomingnya clothing, trus gue pikir, ngapain juga ikut-ikutan bikin clothing, mendingan gue bikin usaha lain yang bisa mendukung usaha mereka. Ada kesadaran itu di gue dan tiga orang teman gue yang lain, gue ngeliatnya orang-orang ini udah harus profesional lah, kalo mereka berbisnis ya harus berpromosi, mereka punya produk yang bagus, buat apa kalo ngga berpromosi,” ungkap Uchunk, salah satu pendiri Suave, Free Catalogue Magazine, ketika saya temui disebuah tempat nongkrong di Bandung. Suave awalnya dicetak sebanyak 3000 eks dengan modal sebuah komputer pribadi. Kini tirasnya mencapai 8000 eks dengan 90 halaman full color. Selain didesain dengan tampilan yang menurut Uchunk, terlihat mainstream, jauh dari kesan indie dan underground, Uchunk juga memberi halaman galeri bagi siapapun yang ingin memamerkan karya grafisnya di satu halaman Suave.
Menurut uchunk, saat ini banyak clothing company yang kemudian menggunakan jasa desainer grafis, fotografer dan biro iklan untuk menggarap materi promosi produk yang bersangkutan. Baginya kondisi ini sangat menggembirakan, karena bidang industri kreatif lainnya kemudian bermunculan. Helvi menambahkan, “Waktu kita bikin ini, ngga kepikiran kalau di depan ternyata akan berhubungan dengan segala macam. Fotografer, advertising, itu kan seru jadinya. Jadi kaya punya dunia sendiri, infrastrukturnya jadi kebentuk dan ini adalah wilayahnya anak muda.”
Wajar saja, jika kemudian tawaran yang datang tiba-tiba ini, disikapi dengan membentuk Forum Komunikasi yang bertujuan untuk memperkuat dan saling mendukung satu sama lain. Banyak persoalan baik internal maupun eksternal yang selama ini harus disiasati dan dipecahkan sendiri oleh mereka. Karena itu, tawaran pemerintah, seperti sesuatu yang to good to be true. Mereka bukannya resistan terhadap niat baik pemerintah, namun yang mereka harapkan adalah kejelasan dalam proses negosiasi dimana posisi tawar kedua belah pihak bisa berjalan dengan seimbang. Dalam hal ini mereka memperlihatkan, apa yang disebut Gustaff H. Iskandar dalam tulisan yang sama, sebagai kemandirian politik dan ekonomi.
Perspektif kemandirian, kemudian menjadi prinsip yang selalu dimaknai kembali oleh mereka. Ketika kemandirian berarti memulai impian besar dengan langkah-langkah kecil. Dengan patungan modal seadanya. Juga ketika usaha ini berkemban dan mendapatkan perhatian, kemandirian berarti membangun posisi tawar mereka ketika bertarung dengan banyak kepentingan-kepentingan lain. Pemerintah salah satunya.

***

Dan disaat, banyak orang kemudian mengeluh, bahwa produk clothing menjadi seragam, waktu yang akan membuktikan mana yang kemudian konsisten menjalani proses eksplorasi terus menerus untuk menemukan kematangan produk atau malah inovasi-inovasi baru dan mana yang kemudian hilang seperti merek-merek Bandung yang memudar dan tak dikenal orang seperti yang dikawatirkan Agus Gustiar.
Setidaknya sampai hari ini, setelah satu dekade yang panjang mereka berproses terus menerus, kekawatiran itu tidak terbukti. “Yang paling keren menurut gua adalah, dimana sekarang anak-anak muda ngga gengsi dan malu lagi pake produk lokal. Dan kita juga seneng, karya kita dihargai orang dari mulai yang naik angkot sampai mobil mewah, pake kaos lokal.” Helvi mengatakan itu dengan mata-mata berbinar-binar lega. Kelegaan yang saya rasakan bukan hanya miliknya, tapi juga komunitasnya, teman-teman sepermainannya, ketika kerja keras mereka, membuktikan sesuatu, bukan sekedar jargon belaka.

Friendster

2008-07-28T09:55:00.001-07:00

Friendster is an Internet social network service. The Friendster site was founded in Mountain View, California, United States by Jonathan Abrams in March 2002^[1] and is privately owned. Friendster is based on the Circle of Friends and Web of Friends techniques for networking individuals in virtual communities and demonstrates the small world phenomenon. It currently has more than 70 million members worldwide^[2] and is mostly used in Asia ^[3]^[4]. Based on Alexa, Friendster ranked 2nd most visited website in the Philippines and third party friendster-layouts.com, 16th. ^[5] It is estimated that nearly 90 percent of internet users in the Philippines have Friendster accounts. ^[6] David Jones, vice president for global marketing of Friendster, said that "the biggest percentage of users is from the Philippines, clocking in with 39 percent of the site's traffic." ^[7]

History

Google offered $30 million to buy Friendster in 2003. Friendster, however, refused the offer.

Friendster was funded by Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and Benchmark Capital in October 2003 with a reported valuation of $53 million.

In April 2004, Abrams was removed as Chief Executive Officer and Tim Koogle took over as interim CEO. Koogle previously served as President and CEO at Yahoo!. Koogle was replaced by Scott Sassa in June 2004. left in May 2005 and was replaced by Taek Kwon. Taek Kwon was succeeded by Kent Lindstrom.

Patent

Based on a June 16, 2003 application, Friendster was awarded a patent in 2006 for a method and apparatus for calculating, displaying and acting upon relationships in a social network. Dubbed the Web of Friends because the method combines the Circle of Friends with the Web of Contacts, the system collects descriptive data about various individuals and allows those individuals to indicate other individuals with whom they have a personal relationship. The descriptive data and the relationship data are integrated and processed to reveal the series of social relationships connecting any two individuals within a social network. The pathways connecting any two individuals can be displayed. Further, the social network itself can be displayed to any number of degrees of separation. A user of the system can determine the optimal relationship path (i.e., contact pathway) to reach desired individuals. A communications tool allows individuals in the system to be introduced (or introduce themselves) and initiate direct communication.

Based on a June 27, 2008 application, Friendster, the 7th largest website in the world and top social network in Asia, announced that its users in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines will soon be able to subscribe to Friendster Text Alerts. When launched, Users are required to register the use of Friendster Text Alerts by entering their mobile number details and selecting which mobile text alerts they wish to receive on their Friendster settings page. Users will then be able to receive text message alerts for friend requests, new messages, comments, bulletins and more or when such activity takes place within their network of friends on Friendster, they will receive an SMS text message on their mobile phone. Users will also be able to respond, share and communicate on Friendster by sending a text message to Friendster to update content on their profile, send messages, and reply to friend requests. This service is not chargeable, but users are still subject to text messaging usage fees of their telephone and wireless service provider. Although no specific dates have been given yet to launch Friendster Text Alerts but it's understood it could happen in the coming weeks.

In other languages

Friendster's Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Spanish, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Malay, and Thai (beta) sites exist as part of its main. [1] A link in the site's upper right corner toggles between English to the other languages mentioned above.^[8]

liFEstyle

2008-07-28T09:52:00.000-07:00

In sociology, a lifestyle is the way a person lives. A lifestyle is a characteristic bundle of behaviors that makes sense to both others and oneself in a given time and place, including social relations, consumption, entertainment, and dress. The behaviors and practices within lifestyles are a mixture of habits, conventional ways of doing things, and reasoned actions. A lifestyle typically also reflects an individual's attitudes, values or worldview. Therefore, a lifestyle is a means of forging a sense of self and to create cultural symbols that resonate with personal identity. Not all aspects of a lifestyle are entirely voluntaristic. Surrounding social and technical systems can constrain the lifestyle choices available to the individual and the symbols she/he is able to project to others and the self. ^[2]

The lines between personal identity and the everyday doings that signal a particular lifestyle become blurred in modern society ^[3]. For example, "green lifestyle" means holding beliefs and engaging in activities that consume fewer resources and produce less harmful waste (i.e. a smaller carbon footprint), and deriving a sense of self from holding these beliefs and engaging in these activities. Some commentators ^[4] argue that, in Modernity, the cornerstone of lifestyle construction is consumption behavior, which offers the possibility to create and further individualize the self with different products or services that signal different ways of life.

Street Punk

2008-07-28T09:45:00.000-07:00

Street punk is a working class subgenre of punk rock which took shape in the early 1980s, partly as a rebellion against the increasingly artistic pretensions of the first wave of English punk.^[1]. Street punk emerged from the Oi! style typified by UK bands like Sham 69 and Cockney Rejects (whose song "Oi! Oi! Oi!" served as a namesake for the genre).^[2]^[3] However, street punk continued beyond the confines of the original Oi! form. Street punks generally have a much more outlandish appearance than the working class or skinhead image cultivated by Oi! groups.

Street punk music is characterized by two main musical aspects: single note guitar lines and short solos. Unlike similar genres such as hardcore punk, street punk bands often contain two guitarists, one of which plays guitar melodies while not singing. Street punk also makes frequent use of gang vocals and sing–along choruses, one of the many aspects the genre borrows from Oi!. The lyrics to most street punk songs often feature condemnation or praise of acts of violence, drinking and drug use, partying, inner-city turmoil, or personal politics.^[4] Street punk groups sometimes express political viewpoints, of either a left- or (less frequently) right-wing variety, though street punks often eschew politics altogether in favor of a more hedonistic, nihilistic outlook. The typical dress for a street punk usually follows the DIY ethic of self-made clothing, hand-sewn patches, studs and spikes, and otherwise altered clothing. Hairstyles often include unnatural coloration, liberty spikes, and mohawks.

History

1970s street punk was essentially synonymous with Oi! and entirely British, performed by bands such as Sham 69, the Angelic Upstarts and the Cockney R ejects. Street punk began to distinguish itself from Oi! with the development of the UK 82 sound of The Exploited, Discharge, Charged GBH and Anti-Nowhere League.^{[citation needed]} These bands were somewhat influenced by the New Wave of British Heavy Metal – particularly Motörhead. The D-beat style emerged from this scene.^{[citation needed]}

The California band Rancid became the most commercially successful street punk band, mixing in elements of ska punk, pop punk, hardcore punk and eventually dancehall and hip hop. Other prominent 1990s street punk groups included Anti-Flag, The Casualties, The Unseen, A Global Threat and Dropkick Murphys.

skATERS (sk8R)

2008-07-28T09:42:00.000-07:00

Skateboarding is the act of both riding on and performing tricks using a skateboard. A person who skateboards is most often referred to as a skateboarder or a skater.

Skateboarding is a recreational activity, a job, or a method of transportation.Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years. A 2002 report by American Sports Data found that there were 18.5 million skateboarders in the world. 85 percent of skateboarders polled who had used a board in the last year were under the age of 18, and 74 percent were male.

Skateboarding is relatively modern. A key skateboarding maneuver, the ollie, was developed in the late 1970s. In the early '80s freestyle skateboarder Rodney Mullen invented the ollie kickflip which originally was called a Magic Flip.

The 1940s-1960s

Skateboarding was probably born sometime in the late 1940s or early 1950s when surfers in California, wanted something to surf when the waves were flat. No one knows who made the first board, rather, it seems that several people came up with similar ideas at around the same time. These first skateboarders started with wooden boxes or boards with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom. The boxes turned into planks, and eventually companies were producing decks of pressed layers of wood -- similar to the skateboard decks of today. During this time, skateboarding was seen as something to do for fun besides surfing, and was therefore often referred to as "Sidewalk Surfing".

A skateboarder in Nice, France.

The first manufactured skateboards were ordered by a Los Angeles, California surf shop, meant to be used by surfers in their downtime. The shop owner, Bill Richard, made a deal with the Chicago Roller Skate Company to produce sets of skate wheels, which they attached to square wooden boards. Accordingly, skateboarding was originally denoted "sidewalk surfing" and early skaters emulated surfing style and maneuvers. Crate scooters preceded skateboards, and were borne of a similar concept, with the exception of having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.

A number of surfing manufacturers such as Makaha started building skateboards that resembled small surfboards, and assembling teams to promote their products. The popularity of skateboarding at this time spawned a national magazine, Skateboarder Magazine, and the 1965 international championships were broadcast on national television. The growth of the sport during this period can also be seen in sales figures for Makaha, which quoted $10 million worth of board sales between 1963 and 1965 (Weyland, 2002:28). Yet by 1966 the sales had dropped significantly (ibid) and Skateboarder Magazine had stopped publication. The popularity of skateboarding dropped and remained low until the early 1970s.

The 1970s

In the early 1970s, Frank Nasworthy started to develop a skateboard wheel made of polyurethane, calling it the 'Cadillac', as he hoped this would convey the fat ride it afforded the rider.^[4] The improvement in traction and performance was so immense that from the wheel's release in 1974 the popularity of skateboarding started to rise rapidly again, causing companies to invest more in product development. Many companies started to manufacture trucks (axles) especially designed for skateboarding, reached in 1976 by Tracker Trucks. As the equipment became more maneuverable, the decks started to get wider, reaching widths of 10 inches (250 mm) and over, thus giving the skateboarder even more control. Banana board is a term used to describe skateboards made of polypropylene that were skinny, flexible, with ribs on the underside for structural support and very popular during the mid-1970s. They were available in myriad colors, bright yellow probably being the most memorable, hence the name.

Manufacturers started to experiment with more exotic composites and metals, like fiberglass and aluminium, but the common skateboards were made of maple plywood. The skateboarders took advantage of the improved handling of their skateboards and started inventing new tricks. Skateboarders, most notably Ty Page, Bruce Logan, Bobby Piercy, Kevin Reed, and the Z-Boys (so-called because of their local Zephyr surf shop) started to skate the vertical walls of swimming pools that were left empty in the 1976 California drought. This started the vert trend in skateboarding. With increased control, vert skaters could skate faster and perform more dangerous tricks, such as slash grinds and frontside/backside airs. This caused liability concerns and increased insurance costs to skatepark owners, and the development (first by Norcon,then more successfully by Rector) of improved knee pads that had a hard sliding cap and strong strapping proved to be too-little-too-late. During this era, the "freestyle" movement in skateboarding began to splinter off and develop into a much more specialized discipline, characterized by the development of a wide assortment of high flat-ground tricks.

As a result of the "vert" skating movement most notably skated by vert baby brett swartz, skate parks had to contend with high-liability costs that led to many park closures. In response, vert skaters started making their own ramps, while freestyle skaters continued to evolve their flatland style. Thus by the beginning of the 1980s, skateboarding had once again fallen into obscurity.

Skateboarder Brandon Cardone does a cliff hanger pivot to fakie (a lip trick) at the former East Coast Terminal Skateboard Park in Johnson City, NY.

The 1980s

This period was fuelled by skateboard companies that were run by skateboarders. The focus was initially on vert ramp skateboarding. The invention of the no-hands aerial (later known as the ollie) by Alan Gelfand in Florida in 1976 and the almost parallel development of the grabbed aerial by George Orton and Tony Alva in California in had made it possible for skaters to perform airs on vertical ramps. While this wave of skateboarding was sparked by commercialized vert ramp skating, a majority of people who skateboarded during this period never rode vert ramps. Because most people couldn't afford to build vert ramps or didn't have access to nearby ramps, street skating gained popularity. Freestyle skating remained healthy throughout this period with pioneers such as Rodney Mullen inventing the many of the basic tricks of modern street skating such as the flat ground the kickflip, and the heelflip. The influence freestyle had on street skating became apparent during the mid-eighties, but street skating was still performed on wide vert boards with short noses, slide rails, and large soft wheels. Skateboarding, however, evolved quickly in the late 1980s to accommodate the street skater. Since few skateparks were available to skaters at this time, street skating pushed skaters to seek out shopping centres and public and private property as their "spot" to skate. Public opposition, and the threat of lawsuits, forced businesses and property owners to ban skateboarding on their property^{[citation needed]}. By 1992, only a small fraction of skateboarders remained as a highly technical version of street skating, combined with the decline of vert skating, produced a sport that lacked the mainstream appeal to attract new skaters.

The 1990s to Present

The current generation of skateboards is dominated by street skating. Most boards are about 7¼ to 8 inches wide and 30 to 32 inches long. The wheels are made of an extremely hard polyurethane, with hardness(durometer) approximately 99a. The wheel sizes are relatively small so that the boards are lighter, and the wheel's inertia is overcome quicker, thus making tricks more manageable. Board styles have changed dramatically since the 1970s but have remained mostly alike since the mid 1990s. The contemporary shape of the skateboard is derived from the freestyle boards of the 1980s with a largely symmetrical shape and relatively narrow width. This form had become standard by the mid '90s.

Go Skateboarding Day was created in 2004 by a group of skateboarding companies to promote skateboarding and help make it more noticeable to the world. It is celebrated every year on June 21st.

Trick skating

See Skateboarding trick for detailed descriptions of maneuvers

A skater performs a switch kickflip off a stairset.

With the evolution of skateparks and ramp riding, the skateboard began to change. Early skate tricks had consisted mainly of two-dimensional manoeuvres like riding on only two wheels ("wheelie" or "manual"), spinning only on the back wheels (a "pivot"), high jumping over a bar and landing on the board again, long jumping from one board to another (often over small barrels or fearless teenagers) or slalom.

In 1976, skateboarding was transformed by the invention of the ollie by Alan "Ollie" Gelfand, . It remained largely a unique Florida trick until the summer of 1978, when Gelfand made his first visit to California. Gelfand and his revolutionary manoeuvre caught the attention of the West Coast skaters and the media where it began to spread worldwide. The ollie was adapted to flat ground by Rodney Mullen in 1982. Mullen also invented the ollie kickflip, which, at the time of its invention, was dubbed the "magic flip." The flat ground ollie allowed skateboarders to perform tricks in mid-air without any more equipment than the skateboard itself, it forms the basis of many street skating tricks.

Culture

See also: Skate punk

See also: Punk fashion

Skateboarding was, at first, tied to the culture of surfing. As skateboarding spread across the United States to places unfamiliar with surfing or surfing culture, it developed an image of its own. For example, the classic film short Video Days (1991) portrayed skateboarders as reckless rebels.

The image of the skateboarder as a rebellious, non-conforming youth has faded in recent years^{[citation needed]}. The rift between the old image of skateboarding and a newer one is quite visible: magazines such as Thrasher portray skateboarding as dirty, rebellious, and still firmly tied to punk, while other publications, Transworld Skateboarding as an example, paint a more diverse, and controlled picture of skateboarding. Furthermore, as more professional skaters use hip hop music accompaniment in their videos, many urban youths and hip-hop fans are drawn to skateboarding, further diluting the sport's punk image.

Films such as Grind and Lords Of Dogtown, have helped improve the reputation of skateboarding youth^{[citation needed]}, depicting individuals of this subculture as having a positive outlook on life, prone to poking harmless fun at each other, and engaging in healthy sportsman's competition. According to the film, lack of respect, egotism and hostility towards fellow skateboarders is generally frowned upon, albeit each of the characters (and as such, proxies of the "stereotypical" skateboarder) have a firm disrespect for authority and for rules in general. Group spirit is supposed to heavily influence the members of this community. In presentations of this sort, showcasing of criminal tendencies is absent, and no attempt is made to tie extreme sports to any kind of illegal activity^{[citation needed]}.

Gleaming the Cube, a 1989 movie starring Christian Slater as a skateboarding teen investigating the death of his adopted Vietnamese brother was somewhat of an iconic landmark to the skateboarding genre of the era^{[citation needed]}. Many well-known skaters had cameos in the film, including Tony Hawk.

Skateboarding video games have also become very popular in skateboarding culture^{[citation needed]} and are supported by many systems such as the Xbox and Playstation. Some of the most popular are Tony Hawk's Underground, and Skate. for the Xbox 360

Skateboarding as a form of transportation

The use of skateboards solely as a form of transportation is often associated with the longboard^{[citation needed]}. Depending on local laws, using skateboards as a form of transportation outside residential areas may or may not be legal. Backers cite portability, exercise, and environmental friendliness as some of the benefits of skateboarding as an alternative to automobiles.

Skateboards, along with other small-wheeled transportation such as in-line skates and scooters, suffer a safety caveat where riders may easily be thrown from small cracks and outcroppings in pavement, especially where the cracks run perpendicular to the direction of travel. However, high average travel speeds help mitigate this; injuries are more likely to be minor^{[citation needed]}, although head injuries still pose a major health risk.

Miscellaneous

A member of Charlie Company 1st Battalion 5th Marines carries a skateboard during military exercise Urban Warrior '99

Skateboard ban in Norway

The use, ownership and sale of skateboards were forbidden in Norway, during the period between 1978 and 1989. The ban was said to be due to the perceived high number of injuries caused by boards. The ban led skateboarders to construct ramps in the forest and other secluded areas to avoid the police.

Military experimentation in the United States

The United States Marine Corps tested the usefulness of commercial off-the-shelf skateboards during urban combat military exercises in the late 1990s. Their special purpose was "for maneuvering inside buildings in order to detect tripwires and sniper fire".^[9]^[10]

Novice and amateur skate teams

Many novice and amateur skateboarding teams have emerged in the last ten years consisting of groups of talented skateboarders. Amateur skateboarding competitions such as the Free Flow tour among many others allows such teams to compete with each other even though they are not professionals.

hip hope

2008-07-28T09:29:00.000-07:00

Hip hop music is a genre of music typically consisting of a rhythmic style of speaking called rap over backing beats. Hip hop music is part of hip hop culture, which began in New York City in the 1970s, predominantly among African Americans and Latinos (two other elements are b-boying (also known as breakdancing) and graffiti). [1] The term rap is sometimes used synonymously with hip hop music, though it originally referred only to rapping itself.

Rapping, also referred to as MCing or emceeing, is a vocal style in which the performer speaks rhythmically and in rhyme, generally to a beat. Beats are traditionally sampled from portions of other songs by a DJ, though synthesizers, drum machines, and live bands are also used, especially in newer music. Rappers may perform poetry which they have written ahead of time, or improvise rhymes on the spot. Though rap is usually an integral component of hip hop music, DJs sometimes perform and record alone, and many instrumental acts are also defined as hip hop.

Hip hop arose in New York City when DJs began isolating the percussion break from funk or disco songs for audiences to dance to. The role of the MC was originally to introduce the DJ and the music, and to keep the audience excited. The MC would speak between songs, giving exhortations to dance, greetings to audience members, jokes and anecdotes. Eventually, this practice became more stylized, and came to be known as rapping. By 1979, hip hop had become a commercially recorded music genre, and began to enter the American mainstream. It also began its spread across the world. In the 1990s, a form called gangsta rap became a major part of American music, causing significant controversy over lyrics which were perceived by some as promoting violence, promiscuity, drug use and misogyny. Nevertheless, by the beginning of the 2000s, hip hop became a staple of popular music charts and is now performed in widely varying styles around the world.

Roots of hip hop

Main article: Origins of hip hop

The roots of hip hop are found in African American and West African music. The griots of West Africa are a group of traveling singers and poets, whose musical style is reminiscent of hiphop. Within New York City, griot-like performances of poetry and music by artists such as The Last Poets and Jalal Mansur Nuriddin had a great impact on the post-civil rights era culture of the 1960s and 1970s. Hip hop arose during the 1970s when block parties became common in New York City, especially the Bronx. Block parties were usually accompanied by music, especially funk and soul music. The early DJs at block parties began isolating the percussion breaks to hit songs, realizing that these were the most dance-able and entertaining parts; this technique was then common in Jamaica and had spread via the substantial Jamaican immigrant community in New York City, especially the "godfather" of hip hop, DJ Kool Herc.

Dub had arisen in Jamaica due to the influence of American sailors and radio stations playing R&B. Large sound systems were set up to accommodate poor Jamaicans, who couldn't afford to buy records, and dub developed at the sound systems (refers to both the system and the parties that evolved around them). Herc was one of the most popular DJs in early 70s New York, and he quickly switched from using reggae records to funk, rock and, later, disco, since the New York audience did not particularly like reggae. Because the percussive breaks were generally short, Herc and other DJs began extending them using an audio mixer and two records. Mixing and scratching techniques eventually developed along with the breaks. (The same techniques contributed to the popularization of remixes.) Such looping, sampling and remixing of another's music, usually without the original artist's knowledge or consent, can be seen as an evolution of Jamaican Dub music, and would become a hallmark of the hiphop style.

Later DJs such as along with a basic chorus to allow the performer to gather his thoughts (such as "one, two, three, y'all, to the beat, y'all").

Later, the MCs grew more varied in their vocal and rhythmic approach, incorporating brief rhymes, often with a sexual or scatological theme, in an effort at differentiating themselves and entertaining the audience. These early raps incorporated similar rhyming lyrics from African American culture, such as the dozens. While Kool Herc & the Herculoids were the first hip hoppers to gain major fame in New York, more MC teams quickly sprouted up. Frequently, these were collaborations between former gang members, such as Afrikaa Bambaataa's Universal Zulu Nation (now a large, international organization). Melle Mel, a rapper/lyricist with The Furious Five is often credited with being the first rap lyricist to call himself an "MC."[2] During the early 1970s, breakdancing arose during block parties, as b-boys and b-girls got in front of the audience to dance in a distinctive, frenetic style. The style was documented for release to a world wide audience for the first time in Beat Street.

Although there were many early MCs that recorded solo projects of note, such as DJ Hollywood, Kurtis Blow and Spoonie Gee, real notoriety didn't appear until later with the rise of soloists with big stage presence and drama, such as LL Cool J. Most early hip hop was dominated by groups where collaboration among the members was integral to the show.[3]

Origin of term

Coinage of the term hip hop is often credited to Keith Cowboy, a rapper with Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five. Though Lovebug Starski, Keith Cowboy, and DJ Hollywood used the term when the music was still known as disco rap, it is believed that Cowboy created the term while teasing a friend who had just joined the U.S. Army, by scat singing the words "hip/hop/hip/hop" in a way that mimicked the rhythmic cadence of marching soldiers.[4] Cowboy later worked the "hip hop" cadence into a part of his stage performance, which was quickly copied by other artists; for example the opening of the song "Rapper's Delight" by The Sugarhill Gang.[4] Former Black Spades gang member Afrika Bambaataa is credited with first using the term to describe the subculture that hip hop music belongs to, although it is also suggested that the term was originally derisively used against the new type of music.[5]

Context

The reasons for the rise of hip hop are found in the changing urban culture within the United States during the 1970s. Perhaps most important was the low cost involved in getting started: the equipment was relatively inexpensive, and virtually anyone could MC along with the popular beats of the day. MCs could be creative, pairing nonsense rhymes and teasing friends and enemies alike in the style of Jamaican toasting at blues parties or playing the dozens in an exchange of wit. MCs would play at block parties, with no expectation of recording, in the way of folk music. The skills necessary to create hip hop music were passed informally from musician to musician, rather than being taught in expensive music lessons.

Another reason for hip hop's rise was the decline of disco, funk and rock in the mid- to late 70s. Disco arose among black and gay male clubs in America, and quickly spread to Europe, where it grew increasingly sunny, bright and poppy. Once disco broke into the mainstream in the United States, and was thus appropriated, its original fans and many other listeners rejected it as pre-packaged and soulless. While many remember the white teens shouting "disco sucks" at every available opportunity, often in racist and homophobic contexts, inner-city blacks were similarly rejecting disco and disco-fied rock, soul and funk (which was virtually everything on the radio at the time).

If disco had anything redeemable for urban audiences, however, it was the strong, eminently danceable beats, and hip hop rose to take advantage of the beats while providing a musical outlet for the masses that hated disco. Disco-inflected music (though comparatively little actual disco) was one of the most popular sources of beats in the first ten or twelve years of hiphop's existence. In Washington DC, go go also emerged as a reaction against disco, and eventually mixed with hip hop during the early 1980s, while electronic music did the same, developing as house music in Chicago and techno music in Detroit.

Along with the low expense and the demise of other forms of popular music, social and political events further accelerated the rise of hip hop. In 1959, the Cross-Bronx Expressway was built through the heart of the Bronx, displacing many of the middle-class white communities and causing widespread unemployment among the remaining blacks as stores and factories fled the area. By the 1970s, poverty was rampant. When a 15,000+ apartment Co-op City was built at the northern edge of the Bronx in 1968, the last of the middle-class fled the area and the area's black and Latino gangs began to grow in power.

Stylistic diversification

Pete DJ Jones, Eddie Cheeba, DJ Hollywood and Love Bug Starski were disco-flavored early hip hop DJs. Others hip hop musicians focused on rapid-fire rhymes and more complex rhythmic schemes. Afrika Bambaataa, Paul Winley, Grandmaster Flash and Bobby Robinson were members of this group. During the transition into the early 1980s, many felt that hip hop was a novelty fad that would soon die out. This was to become a constant accusation for at least the next fifteen years.

The first hip hop recording was probably the New Jersey-based Sugar Hill Gang's Rapper's Delight in 1979[6]. By the 1980s, all the major elements and techniques of the genre were in place. Though not yet mainstream, hip hop was by now well known among African Americans, even outside of New York City; it could be found in cities as diverse as Los Angeles, Washington, DC, Baltimore, Dallas, Kansas City, San Antonio, TX,Miami, Seattle, St. Louis, New Orleans, and Houston.

Despite the genre's spreading popularity, Philadelphia was, for many years, the only city whose contributions to hip hop were valued as greatly as New York City's by fans and critics. Hip hop music was popular there at least as far back as the late 1970s (the first Philadelphia hip hop record was "Rhythm Talk", by Jocko Henderson in 1979), and the New York Times dubbed Philadelphia the "Graffiti Capital of the World" in 1971. A Philadelphia-area radio DJ, Lady B, was the first female solo hip hop artist to record music ("To the Beat Y'All", 1980). Later Schoolly D, another Philadelphia-based artist, helped invent what became known as gangsta rap.

1980s

Main articles: Old school hip hop and New school hip hop

The 1980s saw intense diversification of hip hop, which developed into a more complex form. As technology evolved so did the practice of looping break into breakbeats; the emergence of samplers and sequencers allowed the beats to be manipulated with greater precision and granularity and recombined in more complex new ways than was possible with vinyl alone. In 1984, Marley Marl accidentally caught a drum machine snare hit in the sampler; this innovation was vital in the development of electro and other later types of hip hop. In 1989, DJ Mark James under the moniker "45 King", released "The 900 Number", a breakbeat track created by synchronizing samplers and vinyl.[3]

The content evolved as well. The simple tales of 1970s MCs were replaced by highly metaphoric lyrics rapping over complex, multi-layered beats. Some rappers even became mainstream pop performers, including Kurtis Blow, whose appearance in a Sprite commercial made him the first hip hop musician to be considered mainstream enough to represent a major product, but also the first to be accused by the hip hop audience of selling out. Another popular performer among mainstream audiences was LL Cool J, who was a success from the release of his first LP, Radio.

Hip hop was almost entirely unknown outside of the United States prior to the 1980s. During that decade, it began its spread to every inhabited continent and became a part of the music scene in dozens of countries. In the early part of the decade, breakdancing became the first aspect of hip hop culture to reach Germany, Japan and South Africa, where the crew Black Noise established the practice before beginning to rap later in the decade. Meanwhile, recorded hip hop was released in France (Dee Nasty's 1984 Paname City Rappin') and the Philippines (Dyords Javier's "Na Onseng Delight" and Vincent Dafalong's "Nunal"). In Puerto Rico, Vico C became the first Spanish rapper, and his recorded work was the beginning of what became known as reggaeton.

Politicization

Main article: Political hip hop

The first rap records (Fatback Band's King Tim III, Grandmaster Flash's Super Rappin and The Sugarhill Gang's Rapper's Delight) were actually recorded by live musicians in the studio, with the rappers adding their vocals later. This changed with DJ records such as Grandmaster Flash's Adventures on the Wheels of Steel (known for pioneering use of scratching, which was invented by Grandwizard Theodore in 1977) as well as electronic recordings such as Planet Rock by Afrika Bambaataa and Run DMC's very basic, all electronic Sucker MC's and Peter Piper which contains genuine cutting by Run DMC member Jam Master Jay. These early innovators were based out of New York City, which remained the capital of Hiphop during the 1980s. This style became known as East Coast hip hop.

Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five released a "message rap", called The Message, in 1982; this was one of the earliest examples of recorded hip hop with a socially aware tone.

In 1987, Public Enemy brought out their debut album (Yo! Bum Rush the Show) on Def Jam, and Boogie Down Productions followed up in 1988 with By All Means Necessary; both records pioneered a wave of hard-edged politicized performers. The late 1980s saw a flourishing of like-minded rappers on both coasts, and Public Enemy's It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back became surprisingly successful, despite its militant and confrontational tone, appearing on both the club and rap charts, and peaking at #17 and #11, respectively. Aside from the lyrical innovations, Public Enemy's Terminator X (along with Eric B., of Eric B. & Rakim) pioneered new techniques in sampling that resulted in dense, multi-layered sonic collages.

Popularization

The mid-1980s saw a flourishing of the first hip hop artists to achieve mainstream success, such as Kurtis Blow (Kurtis Blow), LL Cool J (Radio) and especially Run-D.M.C. (Raising Hell), as well as influences in mainstream music, such as Blondie's Debbie Harry rapping in the first non-black hit to feature rapping, "Rapture". LL Cool J's Radio spawned a number of singles that entered the dance charts, peaking with "I Can Give You More" (#21). 1986 saw two hip hop acts in the Billboard Top Ten; Run-D.M.C.'s "Walk This Way" collaboration with Aerosmith, and the Beastie Boys "(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)". The pop success of both singles was unheard of for the time; "Walk This Way" has proved especially memorable for its early mixture of hip hop and rock (though it was not the first such mixture), and it peaked at an unheard of #4 on the pop charts. Also, the mid-1980s saw the rise of the first major black female group, Salt-N-Pepa, who hit the charts with singles like "The Show Stoppa" in 1985. Ice-T's seminal "6n' Da Mornin'" (1986) is one of the first nationally successful West Coast hip hop singles, and is often said to be the beginning of gangsta rap (along with Schoolly D, LL Cool J and N.W.A.).

Turntablism

Main article: Turntablism

While early hip hop arose through the decline of funk and disco while still employing their musicianship, there was the rise of artists who employed the use of the turntable as an instrument in itself. Hip Hop Turntablist DJs use turntable techniques such as beat mixing/matching, scratching, and beat juggling to create a base that can be rapped over. Turntablism is generally focused more on turntable technique and less on mixing. Each scratch of the turntable is considered unique due to the complex waveforms produced and employing digital sampling is considered an affront to a true Turntablist.[3]

Rise of gangsta rap

Main article: Gangsta rap

The first gangsta rap album to become a mainstream pop hit, selling more than 2.5 million copies, was N.W.A.'s Straight Outta Compton (1988). N.W.A.'s controversial subject matter, including drugs, violence and sex, helped popularize what became known as gangsta rap (said to have begun with Ice-T's "6N' Da Morning"). Specifically, the song "Fuck Tha Police" earned the foursome the enmity of law enforcement, resulting in a strongly-worded letter of discontent from the FBI. N.W.A.'s most lasting impact, however, was placing the West Coast on the hip hop map.

[edit] Diversification

Though women, whites and Latinos had long been a part of the hip hop scene, it was not until the 1980s that groups other than young African American males began creating popular, innovative and distinctive styles of hip hop music.

The first rap recording by a solo female was Philadelphia-based Lady B.'s "To the Beat, Y'All" (1980), while The Sequence became the first female group to record. It was, not, however, until Salt-N-Pepa in the middle of the decade that female performers gained mainstream success.

The first groups to mix hip hop and heavy metal included 1984's "Rock Box" (Run-D.M.C.) and "Rock Hard" (Beastie Boys). Later in the decade, Ice-T and Anthrax were among the most innovative mixers of thrash metal and hiphop. These fusions helped move hip hop into new audiences, and introduced it to legions of new fans in the States and abroad.

In Puerto Rico, Vico C became the first mainstream Spanish language rapper, and his recorded work was the beginning of what became known as reggaeton. Hip hop had always had a significant connection to the Latino community in New York City including the first Latin DJ DJ Disco Wiz, and hip hop soon spread amongst Latinos. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, most Latin rap came from the West Coast of the United States. In 1989, Cuban-American Mellow Man Ace became the first Latino artist to have a major bilingual single. Mellow Man, referred to as the "Godfather of Latin rap", brought mainstream attention to Spanglish rhyming with his 1989 platinum single "Mentirosa". In 1990, fellow West Coast artist Kid Frost further brought Latinos to the rap forefront with his single "La Raza." Cypress Hill, of which Mellow Man Ace was a member before going solo, would become the first Latino rap group to reach platinum status in 1991. Ecuadorian born rapper Gerardo received heavy rotation on video and radio for his single "Rico, Suave." As a result of the success of these artists, countries throughout Latin America such as Cuba, the Dominican Republic and Mexico created their own hip hop scenes.

While Run DMC laid the groundwork for East Coast rap, "Planet Rock" (Afrika Bambaataa) was one of the first electro tracks. Based on a sample from German rock group Kraftwerk (Trans-Europe Express), "Planet Rock" inspired countless groups, based in New Jersey, New York City and Detroit, among other places, to make electronic dance music (called electro) that strongly influenced techno and house music, and especially the burgeoning electro music scene in northern England, the Midlands and London.

"Planet Rock" influenced hip hop outside of New York as well, such as Latin hip hop (also Latin freestyle or freestyle) such as Expose and The Cover Girls, as well as Los Angeles-based electro hop performers like the World Class Wreckin' Cru and Egyptian Lover.

Nationalization & Internationalization

Main article: World hip hop

By the end of the 1970s, hip hop was known in most every major city in the country[citation needed], and had developed into numerous regional styles and variations. Outside of New York City, New Jersey and Philadelphia, where hip hop had long been well-established, the 1980s saw intense regional diversification.

The first Chicago hip hop record was the "Groovy Ghost Show" by Casper, released in 1980 and a distinctively Chicago sound began by 1982, with Caution and Plee Fresh. Chicago also saw the development of house music (a form of electronic dance music) in the early 1980s and this soon mixed with hip hop and began featuring rappers; this is called hip house, and gained some national popularity in the late 1980s and early 90s, though similar fusions from South Africa, Belgium and elsewhere became just as well-known into the 90s.

Los Angeles hardcore rappers (Ice-T) and electro hop artists (Egyptian Lover) began recording by 1983, though the first recorded West Coast rap was Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp's "Gigolo Rapp" in 1981. In Miami, audiences listened to Miami bass, a form of sultry and sexually explicit dance music with a heavy bass sound, which arose from Los Angeles electro; it frequently included rapping. In Washington D.C. a hip hop-influenced form of dance music called go go emerged and incorporated rapping and DJing.

Beginning in the early 1980s, hip hop culture began its spread across the world. By the end of the 1990s, popular hip hop was sold almost everywhere, and native performers were recording in most every country with a popular music industry[citation needed]. Elements of hip hop became fused with numerous styles of music, including ragga, cumbia and samba, for example. The Senegalese mbalax rhythm became a component of hip hop, while the United Kingdom and Belgium produced a variety of electronic music fusions of hip hop, most famously including British trip hop.

Hip hop also spread to countries like Greece, Spain and Cuba in the 1980s, led in Cuba by the self-exiled African American activist Nehanda Abiodun and aided by Fidel Castro's government. In Japan, graffiti art and breakdancing had been popular since the early part of the decade, but many of those active in the scene felt that the Japanese language was unsuited for rapping; nevertheless, by the beginning of the 1990s, a wave of rappers emerged, including Ito Seiko, Chikado Haruo, Tinnie Punx and Takagi Kan. The New Zealand hip hop scene began in earnest in the late 1980s, when Maori performers like Upper Hutt Posse and Dalvanius Prime began recording, gaining notoriety for lyrics that espoused tino rangatiratanga (Maori sovereignty).

Hip-hop has globalized into many cultures worldwide. We now find hip-hop in every corner of the globe, and like the South Bronx, each locale embodies a kind of globalism. Hip hop has emerged globally as an arts movement with the imperative to create something fresh by using technology, speech, and the body in new ways. The music and the art continue to embrace, even celebrate, its transnational dimensions while staying true to the local cultures to which it is rooted. Hip-hop's inspiration differs depending on each culture. Still, the one thing virtually all hip-hop artists worldwide have in common is that they acknowledge their debt to those Black and Latino kids in New York who launched this global movement in the first place.[7] As hip-hop is sometimes taken for granted by Americans, it is not so elsewhere, especially in the developing world, where it has come to represent the empowerment of the disenfranchised and a slice of the American dream. American hip-hop music has reached the cultural corridors of the globe and has been absorbed and reinvented around the world.[8]

1990s

In the 1990s, gangsta rap became mainstream, beginning in about 1992, with the release of Dr. Dre's The Chronic. This album established a style called G Funk, which soon came to dominate West Coast hiphop. Other artists such as 2pac who would start his rapping career in 1991, would dominate in the 90's (before being shot and killed in a drive by in 1996) becoming the highest selling rapper ever with over 75,000,000 albums sold world wide and played a major role in the east coast west coast rivalry having beefs with east coast rappers Notorious B.I.G. and Sean "Puffy" Combs (now known as Diddy) and bad boy records. Also The Notorious B.I.G. would rise to fame around the same time. Being from New York he brought the East Coast back into the game when the west coast mainly dominated rap, he play ed a major role in the east coast west coast feud durring the 90's and had beefs with Death row records and 2pac(an alum from California). In the decade, record labels based out of Atlanta, St. Louis and New Orleans gained fame for their local scenes. By the end of the decade, especially with the success of Eminem, known for his contravercial lyrics beggening in 1999 with his second studio album The Slim Shady LP, hip hop was an integral part of popular music, and many American pop songs had a major hiphop component, with artists like Eazy-E. The midwest also has received good achievment of fast rapps with artist like such as Bone Thugs-N-Harmony and also Twista

In the 90s and into the following decade, elements of hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music; nu soul, for example, combined hip hop and soul music and produced some major stars in the middle of the decade, while in the Dominican Republic, a recording by Santi Y Sus Duendes and Lisa M became the first single of merenrap, a fusion of hiphop and merengue.

New York City experienced a heavy Jamaican hip hop influence during the 90s. This influence was brought on by cultural shifts particularly due to the heightened immigration of Jamaicans to New York City, and the American-born Jamaican youth who were coming of age during the 90s. Hip hop artists such as De La Soul and Black Star have both produced albums influenced by Jamaican roots.[1]

In Europe, Africa and Asia, hip hop began to move from an underground phenomenon to reach mainstream audiences. In South Africa, Poland, Germany, France, Italy and many other countries, hiphop stars rose to prominence and gradually began to incorporate influences from their own country, resulting in fusions like Tanzanian Bongo Flava.

By the end of the 90's Hip Hop (rap) music was one of the most popular types of music in the music world .

West Coast

Main article: West Coast hip hop

After N.W.A. broke up, Dr. Dre (a former member) released The Chronic (1992), which peaked at #1 on the R&B/hip hop chart and #3 on the pop chart and spawned a #2 pop single in "Nothin' But a 'G' Thang".. The Chronic took West Coast rap in a new direction, influenced strongly by P funk artists, melding the psychedelic funky beats with slowly drawled lyrics—this came to be known as G funk, and dominated mainstream hip hop for several years through a roster of artists on Death Row Records, including most popularly, Snoop Doggy Dogg, whose Doggystyle included "What's My Name" and "Gin and Juice", both Top Ten pop hits.

Though West Coast artists eclipsed New York, some East Coast rappers achieved success. New York became dominated in terms of sales by Puff Daddy (No Way Out), Mase (Harlem World) and other Bad Boy Records artists, in spite of often scathing criticism for a perceived over-reliance on sampling and a general watered-down sound, aimed directly for pop markets. Other New York based artists continued with a harder edged sound, achieving only limited popular success. Nas (Illmatic), Busta Rhymes (The Coming) and The Wu-Tang Clan (Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)), for example, received excellent reviews but generally mediocre or sporadic sales.

The sales rivalry between the East Coast and the West Coast eventually turned into a personal rivalry, aided in part by the music media. Many reporters were not aware that MC battles were an integral part of hip hop since its inception, and that, generally, little was meant by open taunts on albums and in performances.

Diversification of styles

Further information: List of hip hop genres

In the wake of declining sales following the deaths of both superstar artists, the sounds of hip hop were greatly diversified. Most important was the rise of Southern rap, starting with OutKast (ATLiens) and Goodie Mob (Soul Food), based out of Atlanta. Later, Master P (Ghetto D) built up an impressive roster of popular artists (the No Limit posse) based out of New Orleans and incorporating G funk and Miami bass influences, and distinctive regional sounds from St. Louis, Chicago, Washington D.C., Detroit (ghettotech) and others began to gain some popularity. Also in the 1990s, rapcore (a fusion of hip hop and heavy metal) became popular among mainstream audiences. Rage Against the Machine, Linkin Park and Limp Bizkit were among the most popular rapcore bands.

Though Caucasian rappers like the Beastie Boys (Paul's Boutique), Vanilla Ice (To the Extreme) and 3rd Bass (The Cactus Album) had had some popular success and/or critical acceptance from the hip hop community, Detroit-native Eminem's success, beginning in 1999 with the triple platinum The Slim Shady LP, came as a surprise to many. Like most successful hip hop artists of the time, Eminem came to be criticized for alleged glorification of violence, misogyny, and drug abuse, as well as homophobia and albums laced with constant profanity. According to Kanye West, "Everybody in hip-hop discriminates against gay people."[9] See murder music.

In South Africa, pioneering crew Black Noise began rapping in 1989, provoking a ban by the apartheid-era government, which lasted until 1993. Later, the country produced its own distinctive style in the house fusion kwela. Elsewhere in Africa, Senegalese mbalax fusions continued to grow in popularity, while Tanzanian Bongo Flava crews like X-Plastaz combined hiphop with taarab, filmi and other styles.

In Europe, hip hop was the domain of both ethnic nationals and immigrants. Germany, for example, produced the well-known Die Fantastischen Vier as well as several Turkish performers like the controversial Cartel, Kool Savaş, and Eko Fresh. Similarly, France has produced a number of native-born stars, such as IAM and the Breton crew Manau, though the most famous French rapper is probably the Senegalese-born MC Solaar. The Netherlands' most famous rappers are The Osdorp Posse, an all-white crew from Amsterdam, and The Postmen, from Cape Verde and Suriname. Italy found its own rappers, including Jovanotti and Articolo 31, grow nationally renowned, while the Polish scene began in earnest early in the decade with the rise of PM Cool Lee. In Romania, B.U.G. Mafia came out of Bucharest's Pantelimon neighborhood, and their brand of gangsta rap underlines the parallels between life in Romania's Communist-era apartment blocks and in the housing projects of America's ghettos. Israel's hip hop grew greatly in popularity at the end of the decade, with several stars emerging from both sides of the Palestinian (Tamer Nafer) and Jewish (Subliminal) divide; though some, like Mook E., preached peace and tolerance, others expressed nationalist and violent sentiments.

In Asia, mainstream stars rose to prominence in the Philippines, led by Michael V., Rap Asia, MC Lara and Lady Diane, and in Japan, where underground rappers had previously found a limited audience, and popular teen idols brought a style called J-rap to the top of the charts in the middle of the 90s.

Latinos had played an integral role in the early development of hip hop, and the style had spread to parts of Latin America, such as Cuba, early in its history. In Mexico, popular hip hop began with the success of Calo in the early '90s. Later in the decade, with Latin rap groups like Cypress Hill on the American charts, Mexican rap rock groups, such as Control Machete, rose to prominence in their native land. An annual Cuban hip hop concert held at Alamar in Havana helped to popularize Cuban hip hop, beginning in 1995. Hip hop grew steadily more popular in Cuba, due to official governmental support for musicians.

Though mainstream acceptance has become fairly limited to so-called commercial acts, some alternative hip hop musicians, with a socially aware or positive or optimistic tone, have achieved moderate mainstream success. De La Soul's Three Feet High and Rising, Gang Starr's No More Mr. Nice Guy and the Jungle Brothers' Straight Out the Jungle are usually considered the first albums in this genre, with jazz-based samples and lyrics (see jazz rap) strongly influenced by the Afrocentric messages of Bambaataa's Zulu Nation collective.[original research?] Later alternative artists like A Tribe Called Quest, Mos Def, and The Roots, also achieved some mainstream success, though the influence of jazz had grown less pronounced (with some exceptions, such as Guru's Jazzmatazz project).

Jazz rap went on to influence the development of trip hop in the United Kingdom, which fuses hip hop, jazz and electronic music; it is said[who?] to have been started by Massive Attack's Blue Lines (1991). Arrested Development also released their album 3 Years, 5 Months & 2 Days in the Life Of... in 1992, which included the hit single, "Tennessee." At the time, it was one of the best selling and most popular alternative rap albums. The success of Dr. Dre's The Chronic later that year, however, showed gangsta rap to be a more commercially viable form of hip hop.

2000s

In the year 2000, The Marshall Mathers LP by Eminem sold over ten million copies in the United States, and Nelly's debut LP, Country Grammar, sold over six million copies. The United States also saw the rise of alternative hip hop in the form of moderately popular performers like The Roots, Dilated Peoples and Mos Def, who achieved unheard-of success for their field.

As the decade progressed, hip hop has transformed from the more or less "old school" rhythmic rap to a more melodic hip hop that has the elements of jazz, classical, pop, reggae, and many other genres. Hip hop also gave birth to subgenres such as snap music and crunk. Hip hop influences also found their way into mainstream pop during this period as well.

Some countries, like Tanzania, maintained popular acts of their own in the early 2000s, though many others produced few homegrown stars, instead following American trends. Scandinavian, especially Danish and Swedish, performers became well known outside of their country, while hip hop continued its spread into new lands, including Russia, Japan, Philippines, Canada and China.

Primarily in Germany, gangsta rap has become popular among youths who like the violent and aggressive lyrics.[10] Some rappers openly or comically flirt with nazism, Bushido (born Anis Mohamed Youssef Ferchichi) raps "Salutiert, steht stramm, Ich bin der Leader wie A" (Salute, stand to attention, I am the leader like 'A') and Fler had a hit with the record Neue Deutsche Welle (New German Wave) complete with the title written in Third Reich style gothic print and advertised with an Adolf Hitler quote.[11] These references also spawned great controversy in Germany.[12][13]

My Space

2008-07-28T09:19:00.001-07:00

MySpace is a popular social networking website offering an interactive, user-submitted network of friends, personal profiles, blogs, groups, photos, music and videos for teenagers and adults internationally. Its headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California, USA,[1] where it shares an office building with its immediate owner, Fox Interactive Media; which is owned by News Corporation, which has its headquarters in New York City.

The company employs 300 staff[2] and does not disclose revenues or profits separately from News Corporation. The 100 millionth account was created on August 6, 2006[3] in the Netherlands[4] and a news story claimed 106 million accounts on September 8, 2006,[5] and the site reportedly attracts 230,000 new registrations per day.[6]
History

After the 2002 launch of Friendster, several eUniverse employees with Friendster accounts saw its potential and decided to mimic the more popular features of the social networking website, in August 2003. Within 10 days, the first version of MySpace was ready for launch. [7] A complete infrastructure of finance, human resources, technical expertise, bandwidth, and server capacity was available for the site, right out of the gate, so the MySpace team wasn’t distracted with typical start-up issues. The project was overseen by Brad Greenspan (eUniverse's Founder, Chairman, CEO), who managed Chris DeWolfe (MySpace's starting CEO), Josh Berman, Tom Anderson (MySpace's starting president), and a team of programmers and resources provided by eUniverse.

The very first MySpace users were eUniverse employees. The company held contests to see who could sign-up the most users.[8] The company then used its resources to push MySpace to the masses. eUniverse used its 20 million users and e-mail subscribers to quickly breathe life into MySpace,[9] and move it to the head of the pack of social networking websites. A key architect was tech expert Toan Nguyen who helped stabilize the MySpace platform when Brad Greenspan asked him to join the team.[10]

The origin of the MySpace.com domain was a site owned by YourZ.com, Inc.[11] It was intended to be a leading online data storage and sharing site up until 2002. By 2004, MySpace and MySpace.com, which existed as a brand associated with YourZ.com,[12][13] had made the transition from a virtual storage site to a social networking site. This is the natural connection to Chris DeWolfe and a friend, who reminded him he had earlier bought the URL domain, MySpace.com, intending it to be used as a web hosting site,[14] since both worked at one time in the virtual data storage business, which itself was a casualty of the "dot bomb" era.

Shortly after launching the site, team member Chris DeWolfe suggested that they start charging a fee for the basic MySpace service.[15] Brad Greenspan nixed the idea, believing that keeping MySpace free and open was necessary to make it a large and successful community.[16]

Some employees of MySpace including DeWolfe and Berman were later able to purchase equity in the property before MySpace, and its parent company eUniverse (now renamed Intermix Media) was bought in July 2005 for US$580 million by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation (the parent company of Fox Broadcasting and other media enterprises).[17][7] Of this amount, approximately US$327 million has been attributed to the value of MySpace according to the financial adviser fairness opinion.[18]

In January 2006, Fox announced plans to launch a UK version of MySpace in a bid to "tap into the UK music scene"[19] which they have since done. They also released a version in China and will possibly launch similar versions in other countries.[20]

The corporate history of MySpace as well as the status of Tom Anderson as a MySpace founder has been a matter of some public dispute.

Revenue model

MySpace operates solely on revenues generated by advertising as its user model possesses no paid-for features for the end user.[21] Through its Web site and affiliated ad networks, MySpace is second only to Yahoo! in it its capacity to collect data about its users and thus in its ability to use behavioral targeting to select the ads each visitor sees.[22]

On August 8, 2006, search engine Google signed a $900 million deal to provide a Google search facility and advertising on MySpace.[23][24][25] MySpace has proven to be a windfall for many smaller companies that provide widgets or accessories to the social networking giant. Companies such as Slide.com, RockYou!, and YouTube were all launched on MySpace as widgets providing additional functionality to the site. Other sites created layouts to personalize the site and made hundreds of thousands of dollars for its owners most of whom were in their late teens and early twenties.[26][27]
Contents of a MySpace profile

Moods

Moods are small emoticons that are used to depict a mood the user is in. The feature was added in July 2007.

Blurbs, blogs, multimedia

Profiles contain two standard "blurbs:" "About Me" and "Who I'd Like to Meet" sections. Profiles also contain an "Interests" section and a "Details" section. In the "Details" section, "Status" and "Zodiac Sign" fields will always display. However, fields in these sections will not be displayed if members do not fill them in. Profiles also contain a blog with standard fields for content, emotion, and media. MySpace also supports uploading images. One of the images can be chosen to be the "default image," the image that will be seen on the profile's main page, search page, and as the image that will appear to the side of the user's name on comments, messages, etc. Flash, such as on MySpace's video service, can be embedded. Blogging features have been the main part of MySpace.

Comments

Below the User's Friends Space (by default) is the "comments" section, wherein the user's friends may leave comments for all viewers to read. MySpace users have the option to delete any comment and/or require all comments to be approved before posting. If a user's account is deleted, every comment left on other profiles by that user will be deleted, and replaced with the comment saying "This Profile No Longer Exists."

Profile customization (HTML)

MySpace allows users to customize their user profile pages by entering HTML (but not JavaScript) into such areas as "About Me," "I'd Like to Meet," and "Interests." Videos and flash-based content can be included this way. Users also have the option to add music to their profile pages via MySpace Music, a service that allows bands to post songs for use on MySpace.

A user can also change the general appearance of their page by entering CSS (in a element) into one of these fields to override the page's default style sheet using MySpace editors. This is often used to tweak fonts and colors. The fact that the user-added CSS is located in the middle of the page (rather than being located in the element) means that the page will begin to load with the default MySpace layout before abruptly changing to the custom layout. A special type of modification is a div overlay, where the default layout is dramatically changed by hiding default text with
tags and large images.

There are several independent web sites offering MySpace layout design utilities which let a user select options and preview what their page will look like with them.

MySpace has recently added its own "Profile Customizer" to the site, allowing users to change their profile through MySpace. Using this feature bypasses the CSS loading delay issue, as the MySpace default code is changed for the customized profile. The MySpace profile editor also has a criticism with how the links appear on the profile.

Music
Wikinews has related news:
MySpace to take on iTunes

MySpace profiles for musicians are different from normal profiles in that artists are allowed to upload up to six MP3 songs. The uploader must have rights to use the songs (e.g their own work, permission granted, etc). Unsigned musicians can use MySpace to post and sell music using SNOCAP, which has proven popular among MySpace users. Shortly after MySpace was sold to Rupert Murdoch the owner of Fox news and 20th Century Fox in 2005 they launched their own record label, MySpace Records, in an effort to discover unknown talent currently on MySpace Music.[28] MySpace Music is a section of the website that allows its users to display their songs. It doesn’t matter if the artist is already famous or still looking for a break into the industry; aspiring artists can load their songs onto MySpace and have access to millions of people on a daily basis. Some well known singers such as Lilly Allen and Sean Kingston gained fame through MySpace. The availability of music on this website continues to develop in the foundation of young talent. Over eight million artists have been discovered by MySpace, and many more continue to be discovered daily.[29]

MySpace features

Bulletins

Bulletins are posts that are posted on to a "bulletin board" for everyone on a MySpace user's friends list to see. Bulletins can be useful for contacting an entire friends list without resorting to messaging users individually. Some users choose to use Bulletins as a service for delivering chain messages about politics, religion, or anything else and sometimes these chain messages are considered threatening to the users, especially the ones that mention bad luck, death, or topics similar to that.[30] They have also become the primary attack point for phishing. Bulletins are deleted after ten days.

Groups

MySpace has a Groups feature which allows a group of users to share a common page and message board. Groups can be created by anybody, and the moderator of the group can choose for anyone to join, or to approve or deny requests to join.

MySpaceIM

Main article: MySpaceIM

In early 2006, MySpace introduced MySpaceIM, an instant messenger that uses one's MySpace account as a screen name. A MySpace user logs in to the client using the same e-mail associated with his or her MySpace account. Unlike other parts of MySpace, MySpaceIM is stand-alone software for Microsoft Windows. Users who use MySpaceIM get instant notification of new MySpace messages, friend requests, and comments.

MySpaceTV

In early 2007, MySpace introduced MySpaceTV, a service similar to the YouTube video sharing website. MySpaceTV is now in beta mode, and will be probably be launched as a separate site in either 2008 or early 2009. MySpaceTV might be a standard channel that will be shown on television.

Applications

In 2008, MySpace introduced an API with which users could create applications for other users to post on their profiles. The applications are similar to the Facebook applications. In May 2008, MySpace had added some security options regarding interaction with photos and other media.

MySpace Mobile

There are a variety of environments in which users can access MySpace content on their mobile phone. American mobile phone provider Helio released a series of mobile phones in early 2006 that can utilize a service known as MySpace Mobile to access and edit one's profile and communicate with, and view the profiles of, other members.[31] Additionally, UIEvolution and MySpace developed a mobile version of MySpace for a wider range of carriers, including AT&T,[32] Vodafone[33] and Rogers Wireless.[34]

MySpace News

In the month of April 2007, MySpace launched a news service called MySpace News which displays news from RSS feeds that users submit. It also allows users to rank each news story by voting for it. The more votes a story gets, the higher the story moves up the page.

MySpace Classifieds

Full service classifieds listing offered beginning in August 2006. Has grown by 33 percent in one year since inception. MySpace Classifieds was launched right at the same time the site appeared on the internet.[35]

MySpace Karaoke

Launched April 29, 2008, ksolo.myspace.com is a combination of MySpace and kSolo, which allows users to upload audio recordings of themselves singing onto their profile page. Users' friends are able to rate the performances. A video feature is not yet available, but Tom Anderson, MySpace co-founder and president, states that it is in the works.[36]

MySpace polls

MySpace Polls is a feature on MySpace that was brought back in 2008 to enable users to post polls on their profile and share them with other users.

Politics

* Many political organizations have created MySpace accounts to keep in touch with and expand their membership base. These range from larger organizations like Greenpeace and the ACLU to smaller locally focused environmentalist groups and Food Not Bombs activists.
* Many hopeful 2008 presidential candidates have set up MySpace profiles, presumably in an effort to snare younger voters. Most profiles feature photos, blogs, videos, and ways for viewers to get involved with campaigning. MySpace features these politicians' profiles on its front page in the "Cool New People" section, on what appears to be a random rotation.

Controversy over corporate history

Spam/Tom Anderson PR

In September 2006, a lengthy article written by web journalist Trent Lapinski, "MySpace: The Business of Spam 2.0," was published by the Silicon Valley gossip blog, Valleywag (a Gawker Media property). The article recounted a detailed corporate history of MySpace, alleging that MySpace was not organically grown from Tom Anderson's garage, but rather was a product developed by eUniverse aimed at overtaking Friendster, and that had initially gained popularity through an intensive mass internet campaign and not by word of mouth.[37] Amongst other claims was the assertion that Tom Anderson had originally been hired as a copyeditor and his "founder" and "first friend" status was a public relations invention. Lapinski suggested that News Corp. had attempted to suppress the publication of the history by threatening his original publisher.

Brad Greenspan/The MySpace Report

In October 2006, Brad Greenspan (the former Chairman, CEO and largest individual shareholder of Intermix Media, who claims to be the true "founder of MySpace") launched a website and published "The MySpace Report" that called for the Securities and Exchange Commission, the United States Department of Justice and the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance to investigate News Corp's acquisition of MySpace as "one of the largest merger and acquisition scandals in U.S. history."[38] The report's main allegation is that News Corp. should have valued MySpace at US$20 billion rather than US$327 million, and had, in effect, defrauded Intermix shareholders through an unfair deal process.[39] The report received a mixed response from financial commentators in the press.[40] An initial lawsuit led by Greenspan challenging the acquisition was dismissed by a judge.[41]

Greenspan's report also states that the MySpace program code had originally been the brainchild of an Intermix/eUniverse programmer named Toan Nguyen who made the breakthrough technical contributions to the project.[42]

Valleywag speculated that Greenspan was likely a key source for Lapinski's September article, "MySpace founder accuses company of defrauding investors of $20 billion."

Criticism

Customer service

To compound potential issues, MySpace has no customer service telephone number readily available for the public,[43] and contacting them for help via any other available corporate phone numbers rarely yields substantial results.[citation needed]

Accessibility and reliability

Because most MySpace pages are designed by individuals with little HTML experience, a very large proportion of pages do not satisfy the criteria for valid HTML or CSS laid down by the W3C. Poorly formatted code can cause accessibility problems for those using software such as screen readers.[44] The MySpace home page, as of January 25, 2008, fails HTML validation with around 143 errors (the number changes on sequential validations of the home page due to dynamic content), using the W3C's validator.[45]

Furthermore, MySpace is set up so that anyone can customize the layout and colors of their profile page with virtually no restrictions, provided that the advertisements are not covered up by CSS or using other means. As MySpace users are usually not skilled web developers, this can cause further problems. Poorly constructed MySpace profiles could potentially freeze up web browsers due to malformed CSS coding, or as a result of users placing many high bandwidth objects such as videos, graphics, and Flash in their profiles (sometimes multiple videos and sound files are automatically played at the same time when a profile loads). While MySpace blocks potentially harmful code (such as JavaScript) from profiles, users have occasionally found ways to insert such code. PC World cited this as its main reason for naming MySpace as #1 in its list of twenty-five worst web sites ever.[46]

In addition, new features have been gradually added (see featuritis). This, and the increasing number of MySpace members, leads to an increase in bandwidth used. This increase in usage often slows down the servers and may result in a "Server Too Busy" error message for some users who are on at peak hours, "Sorry! an unexpected error has occurred. This error has been forwarded to MySpace's technical group," or a variety of any other error messages throughout the day.[47]

Security

In October 2005, a flaw in MySpace's site design was exploited by "Samy" to create the first self-propagating cross-site scripting (XSS) worm. MSNBC has reported that "social-networking sites like MySpace are turning out to be hotbeds for spyware," with "[i]nfection rates are on the rise, in part thanks to the surging popularity of social-networking sites like MySpace.com."[48] In addition to this, the customization of user pages currently allows the injection of certain HTML which can be crafted to form a phishing user profile, thus keeping the myspace.com domain as the address.[49] More recently, there has been spam on bulletins that has been the result of phishing.[50] Users find their MySpace homepage with bulletins they didn't post, realizing later they had been phished. The bulletin consists of an advertisement that provides a link to a fake login screen, tricking people into typing in their MySpace e-mail and password.

Other security fears regarding profile content itself are also present. For example, the embedding of videos inherently allows all of the format's abilities and functions to be used on a page. A prime example of this surfaced in December 2006, when embedded QuickTime videos were shown to contain hyperlinks to JavaScript files, which would be run simply by a user visiting a 'phished' profile page, or even in some cases by simply viewing a user's 'about me' elsewhere on the site. Users who entered their login information into a fake login bar that appeared would also become 'phished', and their account would be used to spam other members, thus spreading this security problem.[51]

MySpace's anti-phishing and anti-spam measures have also come under fire. In 2007, MySpace made changes such that external links on profiles would be redirected through the http://msplinks.com domain. For example, http://en.wikipedia.org would be changed to http://www.msplinks.com/MDFodHRwOi8vZW4ud2lraXBlZGlhLm9yZw==. (The new links are determined by Base64 encoding, as there are ways of decoding the link back into its original URL. [1]) MySpace staffers would be able to disable potentially dangerous links. (The changed links only work if the HTTP referrer is a MySpace page; otherwise, the link will appear to be disabled.) This move has been criticized that it makes profile editing inconvenient and that it does nothing to deter spammers. In February 2008, MySpace changed the system such that users who click such links (except for whitelisted domains like Wikipedia and YouTube) will receive a warning that they will be leaving the myspace.com domain. As of March 2008, this "feature" has been extended to blogs as well, although previous blog entries are unaffected unless the user updates them.

In January 2008, the states attorneys general of 49 states of the USA wrote guidelines for online safety for MySpace and other services. They included restrictions for behavior on social networking services.[52]

On 26 January 2008 over 567,000 private MySpace user pictures were uploaded from the site by using a bug published on YouTube and put on the Piratebay torrent site for download.[53]

MySpace party gatecrashers

Gatecrashed MySpace parties have cost lives, and caused thousands of dollars damage to property. The Sydney Morning Herald's online technology writer, Asher Moses, says that MySpace/Facebook parties are particularly prone to gatecrashing because news of events can spread to uninvited guests via "newsfeeds." He suspects some party hosts are oblivious to the actual number of people who get the message."[54] There have been a number of Gatecrashed MySpace parties that have received front page news.[55]

* A party hosted by Corey Delaney, a 16-year-old boy from Narre Warren in Melbourne, and advertised on MySpace, resulted in 500 people attending. Police cars were attacked, and they called in support, including the dog squad and a helicopter. The incident received international coverage.[56][57] Delaney received both negative and positive publicity, and was given work as a party promoter for under age events.[58]. Corey's Press Coverage was also used to help Ten Network's Big Brother to get better ratings by adding him into the house as a special guest.

* In April 2007 a 17-year-old British girl, Rachael Bell, hosted a party. The flyer, which was distributed on MySpace, was reportedly subtitled "Let's trash the average family-sized house disco party." Her parents were left with an approximate £24,000 ($48,000) bill from police.[59][60]
* Allen Joplin, a 17-year-old American high school student, was shot dead by an uninvited guest at an underage party after it had been publicized through MySpace.[61][62]

Child safety

The minimum age to register an account on MySpace is 14.[63] Profiles with ages set from 14 to 15 years are automatically private. Users whose ages are set at 16 or over have the option to set their profile to public viewing. Accessing the full profile of, or messaging someone when their account is set to "private" (or if under sixteen) is restricted to a MySpace user's direct friends.

MySpace will delete these profiles if the victim verifies their identity and points out the profile via e-mail.[64]

Recently, MySpace has been the focus of a number of news reports stating that teenagers have found ways around the restrictions set by MySpace, and have been the target of online predators. Stricter methods for enforcing age admission will be enforced in the future, such as blocking a person from accessing MySpace using a computers IP address.[65] In response, MySpace has given assurances to parents that the website is safe for people of all ages. Beginning in late June 2006, MySpace users whose ages are set over 18 could no longer be able to add users whose ages are set from 14 to 15 years as friends unless they already know the user's full name or email address.[66] Some third party Internet safety companies like Social Shield[67] have launched online communities for parents concerned about their child's safety on MySpace.

In June 2006, 16-year-old American Katherine Lester flew to the Middle East, to Tel Aviv, Israel, after having tricked her parents into getting her a passport in order to be with a 20-year-old man she met through MySpace.[68] U.S. officials in Jordan persuaded the teen to turn around and go home.

In October 2006, 13-year-old Megan Meier committed suicide after being the victim of cyber-bullying instigated by the mother of a friend who had posed as a 16-year old named "Josh Evans".[69]

In December 2006, MySpace announced new measures to protect children from known sex offenders. Although precise details were not given they said that "tools" would be implemented to prevent known sex offenders from the USA creating a MySpace profile.[70]

In February 2007, a U.S. District Judge in Texas dismissed a case when a family sued MySpace for negligence, fraud, and misrepresentation; a girl in the family had been sexually assaulted by a man she met through MySpace, after she had misrepresented her age as 18 when she was 13. Regarding his dismissal of the case, U.S. District Judge Sam Sparks wrote: "If anyone had a duty to protect Julie Doe, it was her parents, not MySpace."[71]

In July 2007, the company found and deleted 29,000 profiles belonging to registered sex offenders.[72] Anti-pedophile organization Perverted Justice has praised MySpace for its efforts to combat pedophiles using their service.[73]

In October 2007, a study published in the Journal of Adolescence conducted by Sameer Hinduja (Florida Atlantic University) and Justin W. Patchin (University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire) concluded that most adolescents use MySpace responsibly: "When considered in its proper context, these results indicate that the problem of personal information disclosure on MySpace may not be as widespread as many assume, and that the overwhelming majority of adolescents are responsibly using the website," they say.[74]

Social and cultural

Dave Itzkoff, in the June 2006 Playboy magazine, related his experiences of experimentation with membership in MySpace. Among his other criticisms, one pertains to the distance afforded by the Internet that emboldens members, such as females who feature photos of themselves in scant clothing on their profile pages or behave in ways they would not in person, and he indicated that this duplicity undercuts the central design of MySpace, namely, to bring people together. Itzkoff also referenced the addictive, time-consuming nature of the site, mentioning that the Playboy Playmate and MySpace member Julie McCullough, who was the first to respond to his add-friend request, pointedly referred to the site as "cybercrack". Itzkoff argued that MySpace gives many people access to a member’s life, without giving the time needed to maintain such relationships and that such relationships do not possess the depth of in-person relationships.

Furthermore, in terms of MySpace's potential for underhanded commercial exploitation, Itzkoff is particularly critical of the disturbing and fraudulent behavior of people who can contact a member, unsolicited, as when he was contacted by someone expressing a desire to socialize and date, but whose blog (to which Itzkoff was directed via subsequent emails) was found to be a solicitation for a series of commercial porn sites. Itzkoff is similarly critical of the more subtle commercial solicitations on the site, such as the banner ads and links to profiles and video clips that turn out to be, for example, commercials for new 20th Century Fox films. He also observed that MySpace’s much-celebrated music section is heavily weighted in favor of record labels rather than breakthrough musicians.

In relating criticism from another person, whom Itzkoff called "Judas," he illustrated that, while the goal of attempting to bring together people who might not otherwise associate with one another in real life may seem honorable, MySpace inherently violates a social contract only present when people interact face-to-face, rendering, in his opinion, the website nothing more than a passing fad:
“ There will come a moment when, like deer quivering and flicking up their ears toward a noiseless noise in the woods, the first adopters will suddenly realize they’re spending their time blogging, adding, and gawking at the same alarming photos as an army of 14-year olds, and quick as deer, they’ll dash to the next trend. And before you know it, we’ll all follow.[75] ”

Censorship

Activist group MoveOn.org has criticized MySpace, claiming that the website practices censorship by not showing anti-media ads, removing fake profiles for high-profile media executives like Rupert Murdoch, and allegedly attempting to force users away from using third-party flash applications on their profiles.[76] MySpace also generated controversy for censoring YouTube videos.

Stalking

According to Alison Kiss, program director for Security on Campus, social networking websites such as MySpace and Facebook have made it easier for stalkers who target women on college campuses.[77]

MySpace China

The Chinese version of MySpace, launched in April of 2007, has many censorship-related differences from other international versions of the service. Discussion forums on topics such as religion and politics are absent, and a filtering system that prevents the posting of content about Taiwan independence, the Dalai Lama, Falun Gong, and other "inappropriate topics" has been added.[78] Users are also given the ability to report the "misconduct" of other users for offenses including "endangering national security, leaking state secrets, subverting the government, undermining national unity, and spreading rumors or disturbing the social order."[79]

See also: Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China

Religious discrimination

On January 30, 2008, Bryan J. Pesta, a Cleveland State University assistant professor, and moderator of the Atheist and Agnostic Group, accused MySpace of pandering to religious intolerance by deleting atheist users, groups and content. Specifically, Pesta alleges that MySpace deleted AAG's account, and his own personal profile, based on complaints from people offended by atheism, and this was the second time MySpace deleted the group since November 2007, even though, according to Pesta, it had never violated the site's Terms of Service. The page was again hacked on Thanksgiving 2007, and restored three weeks later, before being ultimately removed again.[80]

International sites

Since early 2006, MySpace has offered the option to access the service in different regional versions. The alternative regional versions present automated content according to locality (e.g. UK users see other UK users as "Cool New People," and UK oriented events and adverts, etc.), offer local languages other than English, or accommodate the regional differences in spelling and conventions in the English-speaking world (e.g. United States: "favorites," mm/dd/yyyy; the rest of the world: "favourites," dd/mm/yyyy).

Sites currently offered are:

* MySpace Global
* MySpace Australia
* MySpace Brazil (currently in beta)
* MySpace Russia (currently in beta)
* MySpace Canada (in English) (currently in beta)
* MySpace Canada (in French) (currently in beta)
* MySpace China (currently in beta)
* MySpace Denmark
* MySpace France
* MySpace Finland
* MySpace Germany (currently in beta)
* MySpace Ireland
* MySpace Latin America (in Spanish) (currently in beta)
* MySpace India (currently in beta)
* MySpace Italy (currently in beta)
* MySpace Japan (currently in beta)
* MySpace Korea (currently in beta)
* MySpace Mexico
* MySpace Netherlands
* MySpace New Zealand
* MySpace Poland (currently in beta)
* MySpace Portugal
* MySpace Spain
* MySpace Turkey (currently in beta)
* MySpace UK
* MySpace USA (in Spanish)
* MySpace USA (in English) (this is, in fact, identical to the "global" site)

MySpace Developer Platform (MDP)

On February 5, 2008, MySpace set up a developer platform which allows developers to share their ideas and write their own MySpace applications. The opening was inaugurated with a workshop at the MySpace, San Francisco offices two weeks before the official launch. The MDP is based on the Open Social API which was presented by Google in November 2007 to support social networks to develop social and interacting widgets and can be seen as an answer to Facebooks developer platform. The first public beta of the MySpace Apps was released on March 5, 2008, with around 1,000 applications available.[81] [82]

Musicians' rights and MySpace Terms of Use Agreement

Until June 2006, there was a concern amongst musicians, artists, and bands on MySpace such as songwriter Billy Bragg owing to the fine print within the user agreement that read, "You hereby grant to MySpace.com a non-exclusive, fully-paid and royalty-free, worldwide license (with the right to sublicense through unlimited levels of sublicensees) to use, copy, modify, adapt, translate, publicly perform, publicly display, store, reproduce, transmit, and distribute such Content on and through the Services." The fine print brought particular concern as the agreement was being made with Murdoch's News Corporation. Billy Bragg brought the issue to the attention of the media during the first week of June 2006.[83] Jeff Berman, a MySpace spokesman swiftly responded by saying, "Because the legalese has caused some confusion, we are at work revising it to make it very clear that MySpace is not seeking a license to do anything with an artist's work other than allow it to be shared in the manner the artist intends."

By June 27, 2006, MySpace had amended the user agreement with, "MySpace.com does not claim any ownership rights in the text, files, images, photos, video, sounds, musical works, works of authorship, or any other materials (collectively, 'Content') that you post to the MySpace Services. After posting your Content to the MySpace Services, you continue to retain all ownership rights in such Content, and you continue to have the right to use your Content in any way you choose."

Blocking

Multiple schools and public libraries in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Malaysia have restricted access to MySpace, seeing it as "a haven for student gossip and malicious comments."[84]

A Catholic school in New Jersey has even prohibited students from using MySpace at home, an action made to protect students from online predators as claimed by the school, although experts questioned the legality of such a ban. In Autumn of 2005 Pope John XXIII Regional High School in Sparta Township, New Jersey made headlines by forbidding its students to have pages on MySpace or similar websites (such as Gaia) under threat of suspension or expulsion.[85][86][87]

On July 28, 2006, the United States House of Representatives passed a controversial bill requiring libraries and schools receiving certain types of federal funding (E-rate) to prevent unsupervised minors from using chat rooms and social networking websites, such as MySpace. This bill, known as the Deleting Online Predators Act of 2006 (DOPA), was approved by a 410-15 vote in the United States House of Representatives but was not brought to a vote in the United States Senate. Since the Congressional session of its introduction expired, the bill must be reintroduced in either chamber to be voted upon again.

Although schools, businesses, and some public libraries try to prevent the use of MySpace, they are not always successful; students have been known to use web proxies and downloadable software, along with "fake browsers" in order to log in to the site. Administration is now enforcing disciplinary action and techniques such as installing surveillance cameras in computer labs and school libraries, along with using detention, suspension, exclusion, expulsion or banning them from school internet web access for the rest of the school year for those who refuse to follow school policies on internet access and cell phone use.

Legal issues

In May 2006, Long Island, New York teenagers Shaun Harrison and Saverio Mondelli were charged with illegal computer access and attempted extortion of MySpace, after both had allegedly hacked into the site to steal the personal information of MySpace users before threatening to share the secrets of how they broke into the website unless MySpace paid them $150,000. Both teens were arrested by undercover Los Angeles police detectives posing as MySpace employees.[88]

In April 2007, police in County Durham, United Kingdom, arrested a 17-year-old girl on charges of criminal damage following a party advertised on MySpace, held at her parents' house without their consent. Over 200 teenagers came to the party from across the country, causing £20,000 of damage, such as cigarette butts, urine on clothing, and writing on the walls. The girl's parents, who were away at the time, had to move out of the house.[89][90]

YouTube

YouTube first appeared on the web in early 2005, and it quickly gained popularity on MySpace due to MySpace users' ability to embed YouTube videos in their MySpace profiles. Realizing the competitive threat to the new MySpace Videos service, MySpace banned embedded YouTube videos from its user profiles. MySpace users widely protested the ban, prompting MySpace to lift the ban shortly thereafter. But since then, links from each embedded video on MySpace to the home pages of the video on YouTube have been blocked making it more difficult to find the same videos on YouTube's website.[91]

Since then YouTube has become one of the fastest-growing websites on the World Wide Web,[92] outgrowing MySpace's reach according to Alexa Internet.[93] In July 2006 several news organizations reported that YouTube had overtaken MySpace.[94] In a September 2006 investor meeting, News Corp. COO Peter Chernin claimed that virtually all modern Web applications (naming YouTube, Flickr, Blogger, Google and Photobucket) were really just "driven off the back of MySpace" and that "we ought to be able to match them if not exceed them."[95]

No size limit says Paris fashion body

2008-07-24T23:27:00.000-07:00

The Paris ready-to-wear shows kicked off today with the French fashion industry's leading official saying he did not believe organisers should ban the use of models considered underweight.

Didier Grumbach, head of the Chambre Syndicale - the body that governs French fashion - said he did not plan to follow in the footsteps of Spanish authorities in setting guidelines for the minimum weight of models who appear on the catwalks.

"I think it's a non-issue. You don't solve public health problems by regulating the size of models," he said. "You know, fashion is only the reflection of what is happening in society. It is not the cause."

France's health ministry recently announced it was setting up a working group on body image, with the aim of establishing a charter with advertisers banning the use of excessively thin models. Grumbach said he did not plan to take part in the government talks.

"I honestly think we are not responsible for health problems," he said. "Let the Health Ministry take care of health problems, and let fashion designers choose models according to their taste."

French designer Christophe Decarnin was certainly not in the mood to buck the prevailing appetite for ultra-thin models.

His spring-summer collection for Balmain focused on ultra-short dresses that reflected this season's revival of body-conscious dressing, as epitomised by Azzedine Alaia and Gianni Versace in the 1980s.

Though only in his second season at the house, Decarnin made a splash by dressing French actress Audrey Tautou and American director Sofia Coppola at the Cannes film festival in May. The young Hollywood set should snap up his latest skimpy creations.

Australian model Gemma Ward, whose "alien" look has been a major fashion influence in the past two years, paraded in a thigh-skimming strapless dress in pleated olive chiffon that was fit for a modern-day Athena.

Grecian influences abounded, from the sunray pleating of a white chiffon dress to the multi-strapped leather platform sandals.

Military influences came in the shape of cropped khaki cargo pants and distressed T-shirts riddled with little holes - much like the one front row guest Lenny Kravitz was wearing.

"I think Paris is an incredibly inspiring city, so that's why I'm spending a lot of time here," said the rocker, who was taking in the show with his daughter Zoe.

For many fashion editors, too, Paris is the highlight of the monthlong ready-to-wear collections, which have already steamed through New York, London and Milan.

The French capital is unique in allowing commercial juggernauts such as Christian Dior and Chanel to coexist with conceptual designers such as Martin Margiela and Yohji Yamamoto. Paris also has a history of defying prevailing ideals of beauty.

British designer John Galliano shocked fashion editors last year by showing his creations on giants, identical twins, fat women, old men and dwarves, in what some observers described as a "freak show".

French designer Jean Paul Gaultier, who this week celebrates 30 years in business, has been known to pluck his idiosyncratic models straight from the streets.

With more than 80 shows spread over eight days, the Paris show schedule this season is as packed as ever. Grumbach said an abundance of new names reflected the health of the sector.

"There has never been such strong interest in new brands and what is more interesting still is that they are not folding," he said. "It simply reflects world growth, which has been obvious in the last few years, and which is being felt in fashion."

Emo sHit

2008-07-24T23:14:00.000-07:00

› What is emo
The term "Emo" is used as counterculture; it is an abreviation of the word "emotional". Emo it's defining not only an attitude, but also a fashion that are coming from emocore (emo music). Emocore is a combination between hardcore and punk music which was very popular in Washington DC in the late 80's. The emo culture continued to develop between '90 and '00, reaching the height of its popularity today.
› Emo Kids
The term for the teenagers who listen emocore is emo kids. The society thinks about them as failures; they are not strong enough to hide their emotions, they're sensitive, shy, introverted, and often quiet. Usually, Emo kids like to express their feeling writing poems about their problems with depression, confusion, and anger; all because the world fails to understand them. Emo poetry uses a combination of any of: a highly emotional tone, stream of consciousness writing, a simple (ABAB) or nonexistent rhyme scheme, references to the flesh, especially the heart, heavy use of dark or depressing adjectives, and concern over the mutability of time, love or both. Themes such as life is pain are common. You can check some 'emo poems' on our forum! Altough life is already very hard for them, emo kids have to suffer for even more society prosecution because of their condition. The term 'emo' itself is used nowadays as an insult. Adressed to a person means they are 'overly emotional'. Emocore is compared with pop boy bands of 1990s. Critics cast the music as lacking any artistic merit and that the fashion is just ... a fashion used to drive girls attention. The ones who are emo not because they feel it, but because they like to be trendy are named 'posers'. A big percent of the current emo subculture is formed by posers. Emo subculture is acused that it is celebrating self-harm. As i've said before many fail to understand that those are only fake emos (rawrr you bastards, get away from here); actually i have no rights to judge them even if most of us suffer because of them.

Many teens want to 'look emo' and have emo hair and all that. We decided to help you so we made a quick guide and also put some pictures with emo boys and emo girls. Make sure you check it, it's on 'emo fashion' page!
› Why emo doesn't mean emotional
Now more of the truth. I'm going to make this as easy to understand as possible.

Now I'm all for evolution, I believe in evolution after all! Even in terms of words; gay use to mean "happy" now it can either mean, "stupid", "lame" or it's current proper use "homosexual."

However, the term emo is very different. If you claim "emo" were to mean "emotional" it then becomes an all encompassing word, it becomes extremely vague and it has no limit as to what it can and will describe. This is an issue because the term is suppose to (and believed to by the people who use it) to describe one specific thing, when it fact it does the complete opposite. Emo when wrongfully used as "emotional" describes every living thing, every song, every word, every breath, every statement. Why you ask? Because what as no emotion is dead.

Emo was created as a shortened term to describe a specific thing, in this case "emotive hardcore" an off shoot of hardcore punk from the mid 80's. This genre is still alive today, although very obscure and unknown to most. Those who like to shout they're 'emo' usually never heard of any other band than fall out boy.

What many of you are now doing are displaying a vast amount of laziness and gullibility. Why are you wrongfully using the term emo to describe "scene", "fashion core" and sappy mainstream rock? Think before you speak, stop taking short cuts, and stop being the media's bitch.

HoW Down Load Video From YOUTUBE?

2008-07-24T02:29:00.000-07:00

Possibly for the beginner was still confused how him download the video from youtube, for that has was skilled and able to not was read also not apa². This only for the beginner he² It was first that Alias the target that wanted in donlod disiapkan…. Continued …apa yah…hem….buka www.keepvid.com, after keepvid to was opened url the video in yutube right paste in keepvid, eij in keepvid many choices, the example right with youtube okay then chose youtube after that the clique dunlut…nah right emerged what now wait…betul really link that wanted in dunlut has ada…silahkan was tried it is hoped berhasil. it is hoped beneficial greetings the success from masnur.co.ccjangan forgot isis coommnenntya yah…:).

FOREX

2008-07-24T02:18:00.000-07:00

What is Forex?
Apa itu forex?

Forex kependekan dari Foreign Exchange, atau pertukaran dari nilai mata uang yang berbeda, kegiatan forex tanpa disadari maupun sadar, sering dilaksanakan oleh semua orang didunia, bila anda berpergian keluar negeri pasti anda menukarkan mata uang anda dengan mata uang negara yang anda tuju. Atau contoh lain akibat dari kegiatan ekspor-impor, kebutuhan pasar serta institusi bank, pasti melakukan kegiatan tukar-menukar mata uang!

Apabila kita berdagang dengan memanfaatkan selisih petukaran antara harga beli dan harga jual yang fluktuatif setiap menitnya, biasanya disebut dengan trader yang biasanya melakukan perdagangan forex tersebut melalui trading house/brokers! Bisa online internet maupun via telp, atau dengan cara manual sekalipun!

Apa perbedaan pasar forex traditional dan pasar forex modern/online?
Untuk pasar forex traditional level uang yang dipakai adalah 1:1, atau berarti untuk bertrading senilai $100 anda memerlukan uang $100, atau berarti untuk melakukan pasar traditional bisa dikatakan perlu modal yang besar, umumnya perdagangan traditional dilakukan secara offline di pasar2 FOREX.

Sedangkan pasar modern dalam perdagangannya menggunakan level dan margin, perdangangannya pun menggunakan media online.

Apa itu level dan margin?
Level disini dalam pasar FOREX modern seperti contoh nya 1:100, atau artinya untuk memperdagangkan $100 modal yang perlu dipakai hanya 1:100 nya saja, atau $1 saja,
$1 itu lah juga yang disebutkan dengan margin (atau disebut juga deposit untuk pembelian quantity $100).

Bagaimana mungkin $1 bisa untuk membeli $100 ??
well, karena sebenarnya bisa dikatakan broker lah yang mengeluarkan jumlah uang $100 tersebut untuk anda, sehingga anda hanya perlu mengeluarkan uang (Account deposit) untuk menanggung kerugian dan keuntungan dari transaksi $100 itu. Jadi $1 itu sebagai jaminan $100, dan sisa account laen sebagai penanggung kerugian dan keuntungan dari transaksi tersebut. Oleh karena sistem inilah trading forex modern lebih banyak diminati oleh orang dibandingkan tradisional

harus berhati-hati, karena level atau leverage bisa menjadi pedang bermata dua. Contohnya adalah:

Nah apabila anda bermain dengan $1 = $100, berarti sama dengan $1 adalah 0.1 lot, apabila uang anda ada $10 yang anda mainkan, setiap kenaikan 20pips berarti anda akan mendapatkan $20 tambahan, tetapi anda jangan lupa juga setiap penurunan 20pips anda berarti sudah mengalami kerugian minus $20, nah karena sebelumnya modal anda 10$, berarti brokers akan melakukan margin call karena uang anda tidak mencukupi! Alias uang anda hangus karena modal sudah habis hanya karena penurunan tadi!

Mata uang apa yang paling banyak diminati orang dalam bertrading?
Well, sebagian besar orang bertrading mata uang utama dunia (negera2 G7 dan maju), alasan itu sendiri karena mata uang tersebut relatif stabil dan pergerakannya tidak terlalu tajam, dan lagi mata uang negara2 ini lah yang akan mempengaruhin pergerakan ekonomi dunia

* EUR/USD: Euro / US Dollar disebut dengan euro
* USD/JPY: US Dollar / Japanese Yen disebut dengan Dollar Yen;
* GBP/USD: British Pound / US Dollar disebut dengan Cable;
* USD/CHF: US Dollar / Swiss Franc disebut dengan Dollar Swiss, or Swissy;
* USD/CAD: US Dollar / Canadian Dollar disebut denganDollar Canada, or C-Dollar;
* AUD/USD: Australian Dollar / US Dollar disebut dengan Aussie Dollar;
* EUR/GBP: Euro / British Pound disebut dengan Euro Sterling;
* EUR/JPY: Euro / Japanese Yen disebut dengan Euro Yen;
* EUR/CHF: Euro / Swiss Franc disebut dengan Euro Swiss;
* GBP/CHF: British Pound / Swiss Francdisebut dengan Sterling Swiss;
* GBP/JPY: British Pound / Japanese Yen disebut denganSterling Yen;
* CHF/JPY: Swiss Franc / Japanese Yen disebut dengan Swiss Yen;
* NZD/USD: New Zealand Dollar / US Dollar disebut dengan New Zealand Dollar or Kiwi;

Apa yang dimaksud harga BID / OFFER?
Coba perhatikan contoh mata uang Eur/USD berikut : 1.1810/1.1813, 1.1810 adalah harga bid dan 1.1813 adalah harga offer. Bid berarti adalah harga dimana broker(pedagang besar) mau membeli mata uang kita. Offer berarti adalah harga dimana broker(pedagang besar) mau menjual mata uang kepada kita. Jadi apabila anda memasang posisi buy, maka saat order buy tereksekusi yang dipakai adalah harga offer. Sedangkan saat memasang posisi sell, maka saat order sell tereksekusi yang dipakai adalah harga bid

Bagaimana cara mendapatkan keuntungan dalam bertrading?
Cara nya yaitu dengan menganalisa pasangan mata uang mana yang akan naek atau turun, dan mengambil selisih nya dari perdagangan.

Apabila anda yakin mata uang tersebut akan menguat (naek) segera lakukan posisi buy, kemudian tunggu harga naek,lakukan closed (sell) saat mata uang tersebut melebihi harga beli anda tadi.

Apabila anda yakin mata uang tersebut akan melemah (turun) lakukan posisi sell, tunggu harga turun,lakukan closed (buy) saat mata uang tersebut dibawah harga jual anda tadi
Seperti contoh nya begini:

Pembukaan Euro 1.1750 / 1.1753 , anda menganalisa bahwa euro akan naek menjadi posisi 1.1770/1.1767, maka bukalah posisi buy saat harga tersebut (maka anda membeli pada posisi 1.1753), dan saat posisi berubah menjadi 1.1770/1.1773 , lakukan closed posisi / menjual mata uang tersebut (pada posisi 1.1770)

Perhatikan contoh diatas, harga offer dan harga bid, perhatikan pula selisih harga buy dan sellnya, dan kapan anda menggunakan harga offer dan kapan menggunakan harga bid

Bagaimana cara mmenghitung profit yang kita dapat?
Kita misalkan level platform forex yang kita pakai adalah 1:100 , maka cara menghitung profitnya adalah

Profit = margin x ( selisih harga beli-jual / 100 )

contohnya selisih harga beli dan jual anda saat transaksi adalah 70 pips , dan margin yang dipakai (deposito) adalah $10 (untuk pembelian $1000) maka

Profit = $10 x (70 / 100 ) = $7

Apa itu market price,stop order dan limit price?
Pada saat anda membuka posisi tentu anda akan menjumpai option untuk membeli/menjual secara limit price atau market price. Market Price adalah membeli/menjual dengan harga saat itu yang ada di pasar. Stop order adalah membeli/menjual apabila arah pasar sesuai yang anda mau, permisalan begini harga USD/JPY saat itu 108.72 dan anda merasa akan bergerak lebih tinggi, anda dapet menaruh stop order untuk membeli di 108.82, apabila ternyata harga tidak sampai ke 108.82 maka order anda tidak akan tereksekusi.

Sedangkan Limit Price adalah anda menentukan sendiri kapan anda mau membeli/menjual pada tingkat harga berapa, atau dengan kata laen apabila tingkat yang anda minta tidak tersentuh maka harga tidak akan tereksekusi dan bisa di cancel kapan saja

Apa itu stop loss dan take profit?

* Stop loss adalah batasan harga terendah atau kerugian yang dapat anda tanggung
* Take profit adalah batasan harga tertinggi atau keuntungan yang dapat mau

apabila order anda terkena salah satu dari batasan itu maka posisi akan tertutup otomatis.

“salam trader indonesia”

How To Make BackGround 3D Abstract

2008-07-24T02:17:00.000-07:00

You wanted to study made background 3D Background Abstrak Seperti this? His method:
1. Make the Working Paper new with the measurement: 1024 x 768
2. Use “Paint Bucket Tool” then poured canvas with the colour hitam
3. Use “Brush Tools” then the canvas graffiti with the Putih colour
4. Then. The filter -> Blur -> Radial Blur. compared setingan him then Ok Carry out the step in the number 4 totalling 2x
5. Results like ini
6. Then. The filter -> Sketch -> Chrome. compared setingan him then Ok
7. then the right Clique of the layer 1, and piih duplicate the layer. OK
8. The layer that results of this duplicate you the right clique -> blending option. compared setingan him then Ok
9. Be finished 3D Background the Abstract

PC Tutorial

2008-07-24T02:12:00.000-07:00

The Build PC tutorial please was read and if has had money could be practised, if blm had played then to warnet continued pc him in take apart then, continued to be assembled again hahahahaha… just kidding.

You Can Download Here

TuTorial "How to Instal Windows XP?"

2008-07-24T02:10:00.000-07:00

Bagaimana cara Instal Windows XP?

Yang harus diperhatikan dalam menginstal/menginstal ulang windows xp :
1.Siapkan Cd Instal Windows XP yang bootable (cd windows xp yang bisa booting/bootable).
Jika Cd windows xp tidak bootable maka anda terlebih dahulu harus menginstal windows 98, lalu baru menginstal windows xp biasa (seperti menginstal program). . .

Ingat dan catat serial numbernya.
2.Yang pasti computer anda ada cd roomnya, he..he…he….
3.Backup data/documents apa saja yang menurut anda penting yang ada didalam drive C ke drive lainnya misal ke drive D.
Karena semua data/program yang ada didalam drive C semuanya akan hilang, kecuali anda merepair/memperbaiki maka data/program yang ada di drive C tidak akan hilang
4.Siapkan Cd driver yang dibutuhkan oleh computer anda, seperti driver motherboat, sound, dan driver VGA card
5.Jika anda perokok siapkan rokok terlebih dahulu supaya tidak bosen, karena instalasi memakan waktu kurang lebih setengah jam (tergantung kecepatan computer anda)
6.Jika anda belum Sholat, lebih baik Sholat dulu karena biasanya kalau didepan computer orang akan lupa segalanya, dan jangan lupa berdo’a supaya proses instalasi ini berjalan seperti yang anda inginkan…..amin.

Proses Instalasi :
1.Masukan CD installer Windows Xp kedalam Cd room anda.
2.Restar computer.

Yang harus diperhatikan dalam menginstal/menginstal ulang windows xp :
1.Siapkan Cd Instal Windows XP yang bootable (cd windows xp yang bisa booting/bootable).
Jika Cd windows xp tidak bootable maka anda terlebih dahulu harus menginstal windows 98, lalu baru menginstal windows xp biasa (seperti menginstal program)
Ingat dan catat serial numbernya.
2.Yang pasti computer anda ada cd roomnya, he..he…he….
3.Backup data/documents apa saja yang menurut anda penting yang ada didalam drive C ke drive lainnya misal ke drive D.
Karena semua data/program yang ada didalam drive C semuanya akan hilang, kecuali anda merepair/memperbaiki maka data/program yang ada di drive C tidak akan hilang
4.Siapkan Cd driver yang dibutuhkan oleh computer anda, seperti driver motherboat, sound, dan driver VGA card
5.Jika anda perokok siapkan rokok terlebih dahulu supaya tidak bosen, karena instalasi memakan waktu kurang lebih setengah jam (tergantung kecepatan computer anda)
6.Jika anda belum Sholat, lebih baik Sholat dulu karena biasanya kalau didepan computer orang akan lupa segalanya, dan jangan lupa berdo’a supaya proses instalasi ini berjalan seperti yang anda inginkan…..amin.

Proses Instalasi :
1.Masukan CD installer Windows Xp kedalam Cd room anda.
2.Restar computer.
3.pilih booting awal ke Cd room
Untuk mengganti booting awal ke cd room anda bisa masuk ke bios dengan cara restart computer lalu tunggu tulisan Pres Del to enter setup, dan anda harus menekan tombol Del yang ada di keyboard. Otomatis tampilan layar monitor akan menuju bios biasanya warna biru, kemudian anda cari sub menu yang memanagement booting (biasanya sub menu advance bios feature-boot sequence).
Jika Motherboat anda keluaran terbaru untuk mengganti booting awal ke cd room anda cukup menekan tombol F8 atau F10 atau F11, tentunya setelah anda restart.
Jika anda masih belum mengerti tanyakan pada teman anda yang menurut anda mengetahui sedikit banyak tentang cara mengganti booting awal ke cd room.
Dan jika teman anda pun gak ada yang mengerti, sebaiknya tutup artikel ini, lalu anda cuci kaki dan gosok gigi kemudian tidur saja.
4.Setelah proses booting berhasil kemudian ada tulisan pres any key to boot from cd, maka anda harus menekan salah satu tombol di keyboard anda (misal tekan enter), setelah itu layar computer otomatis menjadi warna biru.
5.Anda akan berada pada layar window setup (tulisan window setup berada dipojok kiri atas), tunggu

6.kemudian muncul layar window xp proses setup (tulisan ini juga berada pada pojok kiri atas).dilayar ini anda akan dihadaokan pada pilihan seperti :
To setup window xp press ENTER
To repair winows xp installing using recovery……, press R
To quit setup……… press F3
Pada pilihan-pilihan tersebut anda pilih pilihan yang teratas yaitu anda tekan ENTER
7.Lalu anada dihadapkan pada layar window xp licenci agreement
Pada layar ini anda pilih/tekan F8
8.Kemudian anda dihadapkan lagi pada layar windowxp process setup, dilayar ini terdapat juga pilihan-pilihan seperti :
To repair, press R
To continue , press ESC (escape)
Pada pilihan-pilihan tersebut anda pilih pilihan yang kedua yaitu anda tekan ESC.
9.Kemudian anda dihadapkan lagi pada pilihan-pilihan, seperti :
To setup, press ENTER
To create……., Press C
To delete……., Press D
Pada pilihan-pilihan tersebut anda pilih pilihan yang teratas yaitu anda tekan ENTER
10.Kemudian anda juga akan dihadapkan kembali pada pilihan-pilihan, seperti :
To Continue, Press C
To Select Different….., Press ESC
Pada pilihan-pilihan tersebut anda pilih pilihan yang teratas yaitu anda tekan C
11.Lalu ada pilihan-pilihan lagi, seperti :

……….NTFS (Quick)
……….FAT (Quick)
……….NTFS
……….FAT
……….Confert to NTFS/FAT
……….Leave No Change.

Pada pilihan-pilihan tersebut terserah anda mau pilih yang mana tergantung anda apakah mau memakai system NTFS atau sytem FAT
Tetapi penulis biasanya memakai sytem FAT, karena FAT bisa dibaca pada System Windows 98.
Jadi pada pilihan tersebut diatas, pilih pilihan ke dua yaitu memakai System FAT. Tuliasan Quick berarti saat anda memformat Drive C tersebut Prosesnya Cepat.
12.Kemudian anda dahadapkan lagi pada pilihan-pilihan seperti :
To Format, Press F
To Select…, Press ESC
pada pilihan-pilihan tersebut anda pilih pilihan yang teratas yaitu anda tekan F
13.Lalu tekan ENTER, ENTER……
14.Anda tunggu Proses tersebut.
15.Nanti pada saat kurang lebih pada menit ke 33 akan muncul windows baru yaitu system meminta Serial Number, Waktu dan Area/Zona (pada saat memilih area/zona pilih GMT+7 yaitu area Jakarta)…..next
16.Tunggu Proses Instalasi……….
17.Pada Saat Komputer Restart anda jangan menekan apa-apa sampai proses instalasi tersebut selesai.
18.Setelah proses instalasi selesai, kemudian anda install Drivernya.
19.Selesai
20.Baca Alhamdulillah.

Global Warming

2008-07-23T00:11:00.000-07:00

Greenhouse gases are air pollutants under the Clean Air Act: U.S. policy on global warming today

he Supreme Court ordered the federal government today to take a fresh look at regulating carbon dioxide emissions from cars. In a 5-4 decision, the court said the Clean Air Act gives the Environmental Protection Agency the authority to regulate the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from cars. Greenhouse gases are air pollutants under the landmark environmental law, Justice John Paul Stevens said in his majority opinion. The case is Massachusetts v. EPA, 05-1120.

Greenhouse gases, flowing into the atmosphere and oceans at an unprecedented rate, are leading to larger extreme climatic events, rising sea levels and other marked ecological changes.

The politics of global warming have changed dramatically since the court agreed last year to hear its first global warming case. Business leaders are saying they are increasingly open to congressional action to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, of which carbon dioxide is the largest. Carbon dioxide is produced when fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas are burned.

The court had three questions before it.

1. Do states have the right to sue the EPA to challenge its decision?
2. Does the Clean Air Act give EPA the authority to regulate tailpipe emissions of greenhouse gases?
3. Does EPA have the discretion not to regulate those emissions?

The court said yes to the first two questions. On the third, it ordered EPA to re-evaluate its contention it has the discretion not to regulate tailpipe emissions. The court said the agency has so far provided a "laundry list" of reasons that include foreign policy considerations. The majority said the agency must tie its rationale more closely to the Clean Air Act.

The decision also is expected to boost California's prospects for gaining EPA approval of its own program to limit tailpipe emissions of greenhouse gases. Federal law considers the state a laboratory on environmental issues and gives California the right to seek approval of standards that are stricter than national norms.

Take Action!

There are many things you can do in your daily life that can have an effect on your immediate surrounding, and on places as far away as Antarctica. Here is a list of things that you can do to make a difference.

There are many things you can do today to reduce your own adding to on this problem!

Tropical Tree Growth Slowed
Other big changes are being monitored in the tropics, too. Data on tree growth, tropical air temperatures and CO2 readings collected over 16 years indicate that a warming climate may cause the tropical forests to give off more carbon dioxide than they take up. This would upset the common belief that tropical forests are always a counterbalance to carbon, taking huge amounts out of the atmosphere. The study, by Deborah and David Clark of the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica, and Charles Keeling and Stephen Piper of the Scripps Institution, reports that rainforest trees grow much more slowly in warmer nighttime temperatures, which is a hallmark of climate change in the tropics.
Tropical Tree Charles Keeling

Landscaping Your Home for Energy Efficiency
In Winter, by maximizing solar heating while deflecting winds away from your home; and
in Summer by maximizing shading while funneling breezes toward your home. [Source]

Buy a Hybrid Car
The average driver could save 16,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $3,750 per year driving a hybrid.

Buy a Fuel Efficient Car
Getting a few extra miles per gallon makes a big difference. Save thousands of lbs. of carbon dioxide and a lot of money per year.

Carpool When You Can
Own a big vehicle? Carpooling with friends and co-workers saves fuel. Save 790 lbs. of carbon dioxide and hundreds of dollars per year.

Inflate Your Tires
Keep the tires on your car adequately inflated. Save 250 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $840 per year.

Change Your Air Filter
Check your car's air filter monthly. Save 800 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $130 per year.

Reduce Garbage
Buy products with less packaging and recycle paper, plastic and glass. Save 2,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide per year.
Composting helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the number of trips trucks must make to the landfill as well as the amount of methane released by our landfills.

Use Recycled Paper
Make sure your printer paper is 100% post consumer recycled paper. Save 5 lbs. of carbon dioxide per ream of paper.

Buy Minimally Packaged Goods
Less packaging could reduce your garbage by about 10%. Save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide and $1,000 per year.

Unplug Un-used Electronics
Even when electronic devices are turned off, they use energy. Save over 1,000 lbs of carbon dioxide and $150 per year.

Plant a Tree
Trees provide a microclimate and sustained moisture for you. Trees suck up carbon dioxide and make clean air for us to breath. Save 2,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide per year.

Use Compact Fluorescent Bulbs
Replace 3 frequently used light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs. Save 300 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $60 per year.

Fill the Dishwasher
Run your dishwasher only with a full load. Save 100 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $40 per year.

Adjust Your Thermostat
Move your heater thermostat down two degrees in winter and up two degrees in the summer. Save 2000 lbs of carbon dioxide and $98 per year.

Check Your Waterheater
Keep your water heater thermostat no higher than 120EF. Save 550 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $30 per year.

Change the AC Filter
Clean or replace dirty air conditioner filters as recommended. Save 350 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $150 per year.

Take Shorter Showers
Showers account for 2/3 of all water heating costs. Save 350 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $99 per year.

Install a Low-Flow Showerhead
Using less water in the shower means less energy to heat the water. Save 350 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $150.

Buy Products Locally
Buy locally and reduce the amount of energy required to drive your products to your store.

Buy Energy Certificates
Help spur the renewable energy market and cut global warming pollution by buying wind certificates and green tags.

Insulate Your Water Heater
Keep your water heater insulated could save 1,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $40 per year.

Replace Old Appliances
Inefficient appliances waste energy. Save hundreds of lbs. of carbon dioxide and hundreds of dollars per year.

Weatherize Your Home
Caulk and weather strip your doorways and windows. Save 1,700 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $274 per year.

Use a Push Mower
Use your muscles instead of fossil fuels and get some exercise. Save 80 lbs of carbon dioxide and x $ per year.

Put on a Sweater
Instead of turning up the heat in your home, wear more clothes Save 1,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $250 per year.

Insulate Your Home
Make sure your walls and ceilings are insulated. Save 2,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $245 per year.

Air Dry Your Clothes
Line-dry your clothes in the spring and summer instead of using the dryer. Save 700 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $75 per year.

Switch to a Tankless Water Heater
Your water will be heated as you use it rather than keeping a tank of hot water. Save 300 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $390 per year.

Switch to Double Pane Windows
Double pane windows keep more heat inside your home so you use less energy. Save 10,000 lbs. of carbon dioxide and $436 per year.

Buy Organic Food
The chemicals used in modern agriculture pollute the water supply, and require energy to produce.

Bring Cloth Bags to the Market
Using your own cloth bag instead of plastic or paper bags reduces waste and requires no additional energy.

Film Festival

2008-07-22T23:54:00.001-07:00

The 10th Jakarta International Film Festival (JiFFest) from December 5 - 14, 2008 is currently accepting film entries for our consideration.
The official entry form can be downloaded here. Be sure to meet all the necessary requirements and regulations. Please note that deadline for film entry is on September 1, 2008. No late submissions will be accepted.

Enjoy JiFFest!

Film

2008-07-22T23:48:00.000-07:00

Mengejar Mas-Mas is an Indonesia drama comedy movie. Shanaz (Poppy Sovia) felt guilty for her father's death. Her relationship with her mother disharmonize, and things get worse when her mother decides to marry her boyfriend within 8 months since her father died. Disappointed, Shanaz runs away to Jogjakarta to follow her boyfriend Mika, but she lost contact with him. With no money, she’s been strayed to Pasar Kembang (Sarkem), the worst localization in Jogjakarta. She meets Ningsih (Dina Olivia), a prostitute who saves her from a bad guy. Ningsih lets Shanaz stays with her, and they get close. Then Shanaz meet Parno (Dwi Sasono), Ningsih’s former boyfriend. They often spend their time together during Ningsih absence for “work”. Even he’s 20 years older than Shanaz, Parno’s crushed to Shanaz’s heart. Shanaz secretly falls in love with him, but Ningsih and Parno still care for each other.

THE GIRL WHO LEPT THROUGH TIME (TOKI WO KAKERU SHOJO)
Digimon director Mamoru Hosoda's latest charms audiences with its lighthearted comedy and sincere storytelling'a feat some live-action films are unable to achieve. With a future full of decisions she is reluctant to make, tomboyish Makoto learns that she has mysteriously gained the ability to travel back in time. With her newfound abilities, Makoto comically revisits her past to avoid all her embarrassing mistakes, but her efforts unintentionally drive a wedge between her and her friends. Japanese with English subtitles. 98 min.

Affiliate Marketing

2008-07-22T22:52:00.000-07:00

Affiliate marketing is an Internet-based marketing practice in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer brought about by the affiliate's marketing efforts.

Affiliate marketing is also the name of the industry where a number of different types of companies and individuals are performing this form of Internet marketing, including affiliate networks, affiliate management companies, and in-house affiliate managers, specialized third party vendors, and various types of affiliates/publishers who promote the products and services of their partners.

Affiliate marketing overlaps with other Internet marketing methods to some degree, because affiliates often use regular advertising methods. Those methods include organic search engine optimization, paid search engine marketing, e-mail marketing and in some sense display advertising. On the other hand, affiliates sometimes use less orthodox techniques, such as publishing reviews of products or services offered by a partner.

Affiliate marketing — using one website to drive traffic to another — is a form of online marketing, which is frequently overlooked by advertisers. While search engines, e-mail, and website syndication capture much of the attention of online retailers, affiliate marketing carries a much lower profile. Still, affiliates continue to play a significant role in e-retailers' marketing strategies.

How To Create PayPal Account???

2008-07-22T21:49:00.000-07:00

After you finished create your own blog, now we go to step how to open Paypal account & withdraw it. First to open your account, you just need to go to their website at www.paypal.com and follow the instruction.

Now the next step, which is the most annoying one, How To Withdraw Paypal?
It’s may be easy if you come from U.S., Australian, Austrian, Belgian, Canadian, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hong Kong, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mexican, New Zealand, Norwegian, Portuguese, Singaporean, Spanish, Swedish, Swiss, Taiwanese, or U.K because you can withdraw paypal directly to your local bank. Click here to see countries list that can open paypal account. So if my countries not in the list how I can withdraw paypal? Ok...I will tell you.

There are three methods that I know how to withdraw paypal.
1. Selling your paypal fund to some one from your countries for cash. This method is the easy and fastest as I now but it is illegal and paypal will freeze your paypal account if they caught you selling paypal.
2. Get a debit card that can be used to withdraw paypal. You can withdraw paypal to debit card and then withdraw your funds from ATM machine.
3. Apply a US bank account. But to open US Bank Account for Non-US resident you need US address and SSN.

About how to open US Bank Account for Non-US resident, I will teach you on the next post.

So here I will teach yoou how to withdraw your money to your local bank.

Sundak Beach, Dog and Sea Urchin Fight which Result a Blessing

2008-07-22T02:14:00.001-07:00

Sundak Beach does not only have enchanting natural view but it also keeps story. The name Sundak turns to experience evolution of which evidences can be traced geologically.

In order to know its evolution, visitors must know first the condition the sea sides of Sundak Beach in the past and at present time. At the west side of the beach there is a mosque and a vacant space that is now utilized as a parking area. On the east side, there is a cave made of coral reef as high as around 12 meters. Entering the cave, there is a spring from which local people get fresh water.

Before 1930 the above area was still under sea water. The story tells that sea water reached the area where the mosque stands now and the cave was submerged in sea water. In line with geological process in the south sea, the sea water level decreased and sea water stood out more to the sea. The coral reef and the area around the mosque became new land that later coastal people used it for economy activities until today.

There was unique, natural phenomenon of the activity that finally served as starting point of naming this beach. When rainy season came, there was much water from the land flowing to the sea. Consequently, the land on east side of the beach split to make a river-look form. The flowing water looked like splitting the sand. When dry season came, the crevice disappeared since the sea water came ashore and drag away the sand. The name Wedibelah (the split sand) originated from this natural phenomenon. When YogYES visited the place, the crevice did not exist.

Tens of years later the name changed. In 1976, there was an interesting occurrence. In an afternoon, there was a dog running about the seaside and entered the cave where it met a sea urchin. Being starving, the dog tried to prey on the sea urchin but the sea urchin avoided. Then, the fight happened and finally the dog succeeded in eating half of the sea urchin body and the dog got out of the cave proudly. The owner of the dog, Arjasangku, saw half of the sea urchin body was still in the dog's mouth. Since then, the name Wedibedah was changed into Sundak as an abbreviation of asu (Javanese language for dog) and landak (Javanese language for sea urchin).

The quarrel turned to bring fortune for local people. After being short of water for years, local people finally found a spring. Initially, the owner of the dog was astonished that his dog was soaking wet after getting out of the cave. The hypothesis was that there was a spring inside the cave and the dog might fall in it while hunting the sea urchin. After some investigations, the prediction turned out to be true. Now, the spring functions as source of fresh water for local inhabitants. Pipes are now installed from the cave to distribute water to the community. The finding of the spring consoled the community who were disappointed because the wells that they dug were inundated by sea water.

Just imagine the condition of the area hundreds of years ago when we know its condition in 1930s. There had to be many organisms that utilized the lower part of the coral reef that now functions as a cave. For the reason, many archeologists believe that as the consequence of the occurring geological process, there were many sea organisms were left and piled up as fossils. Not many researches reveal what fossils exist in the area.

In addition to offering its silent historical witnesses, Sundak also offers enjoyable night atmosphere. You can enjoy the breeze of the night wind while ordering fresh fish to be grilled together with your friends. You only have to pay some thousands Rupiah for the firewood. If you are reluctant to do so, just order ready-to-eat grilled fish. To spend the night, you can just sleep anywhere; you can put up your tent or just lying on the bench of food sellers that are not used at night. Darkness can sometimes be more enjoyable than brightness. Don't worry about it.

If you want it, interact with local people can be valuable enlightenment. You can understand how people live their lives, their culture, and they might change your life point of view. To see Grandpa Tugiman who usually keeps the parking area or Grandpa Arjasangku can be another option. They are examples of the leaders of Sundak Beach. To have a talk with them does not only make you merely see the history witnesses but it enables you get direct story from the witnesses of how the story was carved. Please come, they all are waiting for you!

Gudeg Jogja

2008-07-22T01:32:00.000-07:00

(Green Jack Fruit Sweet Stew)

Ingredients

- 5 Shallots
- 10 Candle nuts
- 10 Garlic cloves
- 4 Indian bay leaves/Salam
- 1/2 lb. (250g) Jack fruit
- 2-1/2 tsp. (12g) Coriander seeds
- 1-1/4 tsp. (6g)Cummin
- 1/4 cup (62ml) Coconut sugar
- 2 cup (500ml) Coconut milk
- 2 tsp. (30g) Tamarind
- 2 lb. (1kg) Chicken (cut into small pieces with bone)
- 5 cups (1.25l) water
- 2 inches bruised Galangga

Instructions

Cut jack fruit 1 inch thick wash. Boil until tender.
Grind shallots, garlic, and candle nuts. Saute paste.
Add salam leaves, and galangga, until fragrant then add chicken pieces.
Stir fry until chicken changes color.
Pour 4 cups of water and coconut sugar, cumin, corriander, tamarind, and bring to a boil.
Add jack fruit and simmer until chicken and vegetables are tender.
Add coconut milk 5 minutes before it's done, bring back to a boil.
Serve hot with rice.

Robin Williams

2008-07-21T02:54:00.000-07:00

Robin Williams Jadi Ayah Terbaik

Aktor komedi Robin Williams dipastikan akan bermain dalam sebuah dark comedy bertajuk World"s Greatest Dad" yang diproduksi oleh Darko Entertainment. Dalam film yang akan ditulis sekaligus disutradarai oleh Bobcat Goldthwait (Shakes the Clown) ini kisahnya akan berpusat pada seorang ayah tunggal dimana bersama sang guru sekolah Menengah menemukan bahwa putranya tewas mendadak setelah mengalami suatu kecelakaan auto-erotis. Dalam usahanya untuk melindungi nama baik putranya tersebut, ia pun menuliskan sebuah catatan atau lebih tepatnya surat bunuh diri yang kemudian dibocorkannya ke surat kabar sekolah secara sengaja.

Sebelumnya Darko Entertainment yang baru saja diluncurkan tahun lalu telah memproduksi beberapa film, diantaranya yang sedang dalam masa produksi adalah "I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell" berdasarkan novel best seller karya Tucker Max. Selain itu ada juga film "The Box" yang dibintangi oleh Cameron Diaz, James Marsden, dan Frank Langella. Darko juga sedang dalam masa produksi "Last Chance Harvey" yang dibintangi oleh Dustin Hoffman dan Emma Thompson.

Sedangkan Goldthwait, yang mengawali karirnya sejak berusia 15 tahun, tercatat memiliki karya debut sebuah drama komedi yang dark bertajuk "Shakes the Clown", tercatat dia pernah juga menulis skenario untuk film "Windy City Heat" dan "Sleeping Dogs Lie". Untuk aktor gaek Robin Williams, dia sedang menyelesaikan empat film yang semuanya akan tayang untuk konsumsi tahun depan seperti: "The Krazees", "The Prince of Providence", "Shrink", dan "Old Dogs". Untuk penonton Indonesia, film Robin Williams terakhir yang beredar adalah "August Rush". Perannya sebagai Maxwell "Wizard" dinilai cukup berhasil dalam film yang dibintangi juga oleh Jonathan Rhys Meyers itu.

ATTENTION!!!

2008-07-21T02:38:00.000-07:00

A Mild VIDEO COMPETITION

Buat A Milders yang hobi bikin video, ini kesempatan loe buat tampil! Loe tinggal buat dan kirim video dokumentasi dari band loe atau temen-temen, pas mereka lagi latihan, rekaman, manggung atau di perjalanan tur.
Pastinya ada hadiah yang oke banget buat kiriman video yang paling keren. Baca ketentuannya di bawah ini, and push the red button now!!

Cara ikutannya gampang banget!
1. Login di amild.com
2. Baca syarat dan ketentuannya
3. Isi formulirnya
4. Upload video loe!

SYARAT & KETENTUAN UMUM
a. Terbuka untuk umum, cewek atau cowok, berusia di atas 18 tahun, terdaftar sebagai member www.amild.com dan mengisi formulir keikutsertaan.
b. Loe boleh kirim lebih dari satu karya, dengan tetap mengikuti ketentuan pengiriman karya yang berlaku.
c. Video yang dikirim harus karya orisinal bikinan loe sendiri. Segala klaim dari pihak ketiga menyangkut masalah kepemilikan karya atau pun masalah orisinalitas karya, akan menjadi tanggung jawab peserta atau pengirim karya yang bersangkutan.
d. Periode pengiriman karya dari tanggal 1 Februari 2008 sampai dengan 31 Mei 2008, dan pemenangnya bakal diumumkan di www.amild.com pada tanggal 15 Juni 2008.
e. Pemenang utama berhak ngedapetin hadiah utama berupa satu set alat band lengkap, dan tiga pemenang lainnya berhak ngedapetin 3 buah Video MP3 dari amild.com
f. PT. Handjaya Mandala Sampoerna beserta vendor terkait tidak berkewajiban untuk mengembalikan karya yang telah dikirim dan segala klaim atas penggunaan karya-karya yang telah dikirim dan ditayangkan di website, di luar konteks A Mild Video Competition adalah di luar tanggung PT. Handjaya Mandala Sampoerna beserta vendor terkait.
g. PT. Handjaya Mandala Sampoerna berhak memuat materi video untuk kebutuhan promosi.

SYARAT & KETENTUAN KHUSUS

a. Loe boleh ngedit video itu untuk kepentingan pengemasan dan durasi, tapi tetap harus menghindari hal-hal yang terkait masalah kesusilaan, SARA dan pencemaran nama baik.
b. Mengirimkan karya video melalui Contest Submission Form yang ada di www.amild.com, terdiri atas video akhir yang telah diedit.
c. File video dikirim dalam salah satu dari format berikut: MPEG4, mov, WMV atau FLV dengan resolusi 220 x 300 pixel dan file size maksimum 5 Megabytes per video, dengan durasi 3-5 menit.
d. Memberikan judul video, mengirimkan data profil band yang didokumentasikan dan cerita di balik proses pengerjaan video tersebut

tutorial flash

2008-07-21T02:05:00.000-07:00

Membuat tombol dan background tombol
1. Buat lingkaran di scene 1. Convert to symbol pilih to symbol tulis namanya tombol 1 ,pilih behavior button.
2. Dari window library drag . tombol 1 sampai jumlah tombol lima.(or up to u)
*) Semua obyek yang diconvert ke symbol ada di library.
3. Seleksi semua button , convert to symbol pilih behaviornya movie klip.
4. Buat layer baru kemudian gambar circle , layernya didrag ke bawah.
5. Klik kanan di frame 25 pilih keyframe di layer tombol.
6. Seleksi beberapa frame, klik kanan pilih create motion tween. Putar dengan memakai free transform tool drag ke arah kanan. Insert frame di frame 35 untuk memberikan pause frame. Lihat gambar sebagai panduan.

Membuat movie klip untuk target tombolnya.
1.Insert new symbol pilih behavior movie klip , gambar movie klip atau anda juga bisa mengimport file.
2.Klik Insert blank keyframe di frame 1.
3.Drag keyframe pertama ke frame kedua. Klik kanan pada frame satu pilih action>movie control >stop

4. Dari library drag ke timeline utama . Sebelumnya buat layer baru untuk tempat movieklip target. Di property di pilihan instance tulis namanya menu_1
5. Lakukan langkah 1 sampai 3 sehingga mendapatkan lima movie klip sesuai dengan jumlah tombol yang anda buat.

Memberikan action script
1.Klik 2x movie klip button , klik salah satu button , klik kanan pilih action.

2. Action>movie control pilih stop pada event pilih rollover
Action>movie control pilih play pada event pilh rollOut
Action >Deprecated>tell target klik tombol target pilih menu_1
Action>movie control pilih go to kemudian aktifkan go to stop isi frame 2 window option action di atas. Lihat script dibawah sebagai panduan.

on (rollOver) {
stop();
}
on (rollOut) {
play();
}
on (release) {
tellTarget ("_root.menu_1") {
gotoAndStop(2);
}
}
3. Lakukan step ke –8 untuk tombol lainnya.
4. Test movie-nya. Good luck

Daftar Akun Paypal ke Rekening Bank Anda!!!

2008-07-17T04:59:00.000-07:00

Berita baik bagi anda pengguna paypal yang berasal dari Indonesia. Mulai sekarang dana di account paypal Indonesia sudah dapat ditarik dari beberapa Bank lokal di Indonesia, setelah sebelumnya account paypal Indonesia hanya dapat digunakan untuk menerima dana.Buat anda yang sering berselancar dan bertransaksi di internet tentu nama Paypal sudah tidak asing lagi. Paypal sediri saat ini menjadi salah satu media transaksi online yang paling panyak dipakai dan diakui keamanannya.

Sebelum dapat menarik dana dari account paypal sebelumnya pastikan account anda di paypal sudah verified. Untuk mendapat status verified dari paypal pastikan anda mempunyai kartu kredit yang telah diapprove oleh paypal. Jika account anda telah verified maka prosedur selanjutnya adalah mendaftarkan account bank anda.

Untuk mendaftarkan account bank untuk mencairkan dana dibutuhkan bank code yang terdiri dari 7 digit angka. 3 digit pertama adalah kode bank dan 4 digit berikutnya adalah cabang bank anda. Berikut beberapa kode bank di Indonesia :

Nama Bank	Kode Bank
Permata Bank	013
Lippo Bank	026
Bank Danamon	011
BCA	014
Bank Niaga	022
BII	016
BRI	002
Bank Panin	019
Bank Mega	426
ABN AMRO	052
Bank NISP	028

Untuk kode cabang bank anda dapat menanyakan kepada cabang anda membuka rekening. Tanya saja kode kliring bank bersangkutan. Selanjutnya anda dapat menarik dana anda di account paypal dengan potongan Rp. 16.000 untuk penarikan dana kurang dari Rp. 1.500.000 atau gratis jika lebih dari Rp. 1,5 juta

Khusus Bank Permata cabang P. Batam adalah :

0130433